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有机化学反应的方程式 一.取代反应 1.CH4+Cl2--光CH3Cl+HCl 2.有机化学反应的方程式：C2H6+Cl2--光C2H5Cl+HCl 3.C6H6+Br2FeC6H5Br+HBr 4.C2H5OH+HBr--加热C2H5Br+H2O 5.C6H6+HNO3--H2SO4水浴加热C6H5NO2+H2O 6.C6H5Cl+H2O--NaOHCu,高温,加压C6H5OH+HCl 7.C2H5Cl+H2ONaOHC2H5OH+HCl 8.CH3COOC2H5+H2O稀硫酸,加热CH3COOH+C2H5OH 9.(C17H35COO)3C3H5+3NaOHC3H5(OH)3+3C17H35COOH 10.2CH3CH2OH+2Na2CH3CH2ONa+H2 11.2C6H5OH+2Na2C6H5ONa+H2 12.2CH3COOH+2Na2CH3COONa+H2 (分子间脱水)C2H5OH+C2H5OH--浓H2SO4,140℃C2H5OC2H5+H2O www.xuexidiyi.com 二.加成反应 13.CH2=CH2+H2Ni,加热CH3CH3 14.CH2=CH2+HCl--催化剂,加热CH3CH2Cl 15.C2H2+H2--Ni,加热CH2=CH2 16.C2H2+2H2--Ni,加热CH3CH3 17.C2H2+2HCl--催化剂,加热CH3CHCl2 18.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+Br2CH2=CH-CHBr-CH2Br 19.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+Br2CH2Br-CH=CH-CH2Br 20.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+2Br2BrCH2-CHBr-CHBr-CH2Br 21.CH3CHO+H2NiCH3CH2OH 22.CH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO+H2--NiCH2OH-(CHOH)4-CH2OH 23.C6H6+3H2NiC6H12(环己烷) 24.C6H6+3Cl2--光C6H6Cl6 25.CH2=CH2+H2O--H2SO4,加热,加压CH3CH2OH三.消去反应 26.CH3CH2OH--浓H2SO4,170℃CH2=CH2+H2O 27.CH3CH2Br+NaOH--醇,加热CH2=CH2+NaBr+H2O 四.酯化反应(取代反应) 28.CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH--浓H2SO4,加热CH3COOC2H5+H2O 29.C3H5(OH)3+3HNO3--浓H2SO4C3H5(ONO2)3+3H2O 五.水解(卤代烃、酯、油脂的水解见上,亦是取代反应) 30.CH3COONa+H2OCH3COOH+NaOH 31.CH3CH2ONa+H2OCH3CH2OH+NaOH 32.C6H5ONa+H2OC6H5OH+NaOH 33.C17H35COONa+H2OC17H35COOH+NaOH 34.(C6H10O5)n+nH2O--H2SO4,加热nC6H12O6 六.氧化反应www.xuexidiyi.com 35.2C2H5OH+O2--Cu或Ag,加热2CH3CHO+2H2O 36.C6H12O6+6O26CO2+6H2O+热 37.2CH3CHO+O22CH3COOH 38.CH3CHO+2[Ag(NH3)2]OHCH3COONH4+2Ag+3NH3+H2O 39.CH3CHO+2Cu(OH)2加热CH3COOH+Cu2O+2H2O 40.CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO+2[Ag(NH3)2]OHCH2OH(CHOH)4COONH4+2Ag+3NH3+H2O 41.CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO+2Cu(OH)2--加热CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH+Cu2O+2H2O 42.HCOOH+2[Ag(NH3)2]OHNH4HCO3+2Ag+3NH3+H2O 43.HCOOH+2Cu(OH)2加热CO2+Cu2O+3H2O 44.HCOONa+2[Ag(NH3)2]OHNaHCO3+4NH3+2Ag+H2O 45.HCOONH4+2[Ag(NH3)2]OHNH4HCO3+2Ag+4NH3+H2O 46.HCOOR+2[Ag(NH3)2]OHNH4OCOOR+2Ag+3NH3+H2O 47.HCHO+2[Ag(NH3)2]OHHCOONH4+2Ag+3NH3+H2O 48.HCHO+4[Ag(NH3)2]OHNH4HCO3+4Ag+7NH3+2H2O 49.HCHO+4Cu(OH)2加热CO2+2Cu2O+5H2O 七.还原反应 50.CH3COCH3+H2--NiCH3CHOHCH360.HCHO+H2--NiCH3OH 51.C6H5CH=CH2+4H2--NiC6H11CH2CH3 八.加聚反应 52.nCH2=CH2[CH2-CH2]n 53.nCH3-CH=CH2[CH-CH2]n 67.nCH2=C-COOCH3[CH2-C]n 68.nCH2=C-CH=CH2[CH2-C=CH-CH2]n 九.缩聚反应 氨基酸合成蛋白质 | 
