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反安慰剂效应,一种心理学陷阱

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You've heard of the placebo effect.

你可能听说过安慰剂效应。

But are you aware of the nocebo effect, in which the human body has a negative physical reaction to a suggestive harm?

但你知道“反安慰剂效应”吗?它指的是,人的身体在被暗示一个潜在伤害之后,能产生一个负面的生理反应。

If someone gives you a cup of sugar water without telling you that it's sugar water and instead tells you that it's something that will make you vomit, chances are high that you're actually gonna vomit.

如果有人给你一杯糖水,却不告诉你这是糖水,而是告诉你这个东西会让你呕吐,你喝了以后很有可能就会真的呕吐。

Your mind has the power to create its own physical reality.

你的身体有能力创造它自己的生理现实。

Why do we yawn when we see others yawn?

为什么我们看见别人打哈欠的时候也会打哈欠?

Throughout history, there have been incidents: the dancing plague of 1518, the Tanganyika laughter epidemic, the Hindu milk miracle.

纵览历史可以发现很多这样的案例:1518年的舞蹈瘟疫、坦噶尼喀的笑声传染病、印度的牛奶奇迹。

Some believe they are stress response.

有些人相信这是一些对压力产生的反映。

But psychologists call it a conversion disorder, in which the body converts a mental stress to a set of physical symptoms, such as a spasm.

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