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Since the early days of the video game industry, consoles have ruled the home. Companies like Nintendo, Sega, Sony and Microsoft MSFT -1.11% thrived by building closed ecosystems that developers could creates games over the course of five to 10 years before a new, more powerful box entered the market and the cycle began all over again. But ever since the introduction of smartphones from companies like Apple AAPL -1.31% , Nokia, Samsung, LG, Google and Amazon AMZN -1.02% , video game creators have flocked to these powerful mobile devices and an entire ecosystem of small and independent development studios have flourished (also in part thanks to the digital distribution networks on new consoles from Nintendo, Sony and Microsoft). 自视频游戏业发展早期开始，游戏机就主宰了千家万户。像任天堂（Nintendo）、世嘉（Sega）、索尼（Sony）和微软（Microsoft）等企业都依靠打造封闭的生态系统赚得盆满钵满。开发者可以有5到10年的时间开发游戏，直到一款更强大的新游戏机进入市场，这个循环才会被重启。不过，自从苹果（Apple）、诺基亚（Nokia）、三星（Samsung）、LG、谷歌（Google）和亚马逊（Amazon）等公司推出智能手机以来，游戏开发者们就纷纷涌向这些强大的移动平台，同时，一个由小型独立开发工作室构成的完整生态系统也逐渐兴盛（这也要部分归功于任天堂、索尼和微软为新游戏机开发的数字销售网络）。 | 
