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要想理解归因这个概念，我们来想象一下：一位新朋友和你约了喝咖啡，但后来取消了这次计划。你会认为是有什么不可抗的事情发生了呢？还是认为这个新朋友自己有问题呢？那些研究归因的心理学家关注的就是你会如何回答这个问题。 Edward Jones and Keith Davis developed the correspondent inference theory. This theory suggests that if someone behaves in a socially desirable way, we do not tend to infer much about them as a person. 爱德华·琼斯和吉斯·戴维斯则发展出了一套理论：相互推测理论。这个理论认为：如果一个人表现出来的行为是社会希望看到的，我们就不会对这个人本身做出太多推测。 For example, if you ask your friend for a pencil and she gives one to you, you are not likely to infer much about your friend's character from the behavior, because most people would do the same thing in a given situation—it is the socially desirable response. 比如，你向你的一个朋友借一支铅笔，而她借给你了，你就不会因为这个行为而对你朋友的性格做出太多推测，因为大部分人在这个情况下都会这么做，这是社会期望看到的行为。 However, if your friend refuses to allow you to borrow a pencil, you are likely to infer something about her innate characteristics due to this socially undesirable response. 而如果你的朋友拒绝借给你铅笔，你就可能开始对她的性格进行推测了，因为这种行为是社会不希望看到的。 | 
