(2)用于单数可数名词前表示“一、每一、某一”等意思。 You should take the medicine three times a day. A tiger has four legs. (3)用于某些抽象名词前,使其具体化。 Many people agree that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today. 2.定冠词的用法 (1)特指上文提及的或读者清楚的或受定语修饰的人或物。 Where is the teacher you talked about yesterday? (2)用于单数可数名词前,表示整个类属。 The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. (3)与某些形容词连用表示一类人或物。如: the disabled,the old,the less valuable等。 (4)表示世界上独一无二的事物。如:the moon,the sun,the earth,the universe,the world,the sky等。 【悟一悟→参透误区】 当这些名词前有修饰语时,则要用不定冠词。如: a bright moon,a new world。 (5)用于表示江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛、国家、党派、组织等专有名词或由普通名词构成的专用名词前。如: the Pacific Ocean,the Himalayas,the Philippines,the Great Wall,the United States,the WTO,the Friendship Store等。 (6)用于表示方位的名词前。如: in the east,in the northwest。 (7)在序数词和最高级前。如: the first,the best。 【悟一悟→参透误区】 当序数词不表示顺序而表示某一次时,用不定冠词修饰。如:a second time,意为“再一次;又一次”。 (8)在乐器名词前、表示姓氏的复数名词前及构成 “……年代”。如: play the violin,the Johnsons,in the 1940s。 (9)在中国的含有“festival”的节日前。如: the Spring Festival等。 (10)用在固定搭配中。如: by the dozen,by the hour,by the way,in the distance,in the morning,in the end,in the direction of,on the whole,on the other hand,the other day,to tell the truth,in the country,all the time,go to the cinema,in the open air,on the radio等。 3.不用冠词的情况 (1)专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前,一般不加冠词。如: China,America,Smith。 (2)作表语、补语和同位语,在表示职位或头衔的名词前。 We elected Tom monitor of our class. (3)在表示季节、月份、日期、节日、星期的名词前(但在中国的传统节日前一定要有the)。 March 8 is Women’s Day,and June 1st is Children’s Day. (4)一日三餐、球类活动前。 I always have breakfast at home and lunch at school. Some students will play basketball after school,and others will go running around the campus. 4.常用的固定词组辨析 at table就餐at the table在桌子旁 in hospital住院 |