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2．it，that，one，those的区别 (1)it意为“它”，特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物。 I like this house with a beautiful garden in front，but I don’t have enough money to buy it.(2009·四川高考) (2)that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于the＋单数/不可数名词。 Few pleasures can equal that (＝ the pleasure) of a cool drink on a hot day. (3)one用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于a/an＋单数名词；ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，也是泛指概念；the one用来替代前面的特指的单数名词，有时可用that替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)；the ones用来替代前面的特指的复数名词，有时可用those替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)。 Helping others is a habit，one you can learn even at an early age. —Why don’t we take a short break? —Didn’t we just have one (＝ a break)? Students who do well in examinations are those/the ones who ask questions in class. 3．no one，nobody，none，nothing的区别 (1)no one，nobody表“没有人；谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。常可用来回答who引导的问句。 Charles was alone at home，with no one looking after him. (2)none“没人；没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。none后可接of短语，常用来回答how many/much的问题。 —How many of you have seen the film? —None (of us)． (3)nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what。 A smile costs nothing，but gives much.(2017·重庆高考) 4．all，both，either，neither，none的区别 (1)all指所有的人或物，表示“(三者或三者以上)全部；都”。 All I want is peace and quiet. (2)both表示“两者都”。 —Did you go to London or Paris last year? —We went to both. A week in London and two weeks in Paris. (3)either表示“(两者中)任何一个”。 He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found either of them again. (4)neither表示“(两者)都不”。 I tried two different methods，yet neither of them seemed to work very well. 5．each和every的区别 (1)each和every都表示“每个”的意思，但each侧重个体，可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every侧重全体，相当于汉语的“每个都”，在句中只作定语。 The tickets each cost ten dollars.(同位语) Every dog has his day.(定语) (2)each代指两个或两个以上的人/物，而every需指三个或三个以上的人/物。 Each of the two has won a prize. Every Chinese is pleased at the news. 6．few，little和a few，a little的区别 few和little表示“很少的……”，含否定意义；而a few与a little表示“一些……”，含肯定意义。few和a few代替可数名词，little和a little代替不可数名词。在句中用作主语或宾语。 Of all the guests，he knows only a few. Few of them are famous. 【悟一悟→参透误区】 这组词更多用作形容词，在句中作定语。few与a few修饰复数可数名词；little，a little修饰不可数名词。 He has few friends and lives a lonely life. [学以致用] Ⅰ.用适当的代词填空 1．(2017·安徽高考)You can ask anyone for help.________ here is willing to lend you a hand. 2．(2017·江苏高考)Good families are much to all their members，but ________to none. 3．(2017·江西高考)—When shall I call，in the morning or afternoon? —________. I’ll be in all day. 4．(2017·江西高考)________can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it. 5．(2017·辽宁高考)To her joy，Della earned first the trust of her students and then________of her colleagues. 6．(2017·山东高考)I’ve lived in New York and Chicago，but don’t like________of them very much. 7．(2017·陕西高考)Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years，she lost________of her enthusiasm for life. 8．(2017·四川高考)The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than________on the small ones. 9．(2017·天津高考)At our factory there are a few machines similar to________described in this magazine. 10．(2017·重庆高考)Recycling is one way to protect the environment；reusing is________． 11．(2017·浙江高考)Half of________surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears. 12．(2017·江苏高考)Sophia waited for a reply，but________came. 13．(2017·新课标全国卷)Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but________of them wants to，because they have work to do. 14．(2017·江西高考)My brother would like to buy a good watch but________was available from that shop. 15．(2017·浙江高考)Studying Wendy’s menu，I found that many of the items are similar to________of McDonald’s. 16．(2017·上海高考)When he took his gloves off，I noticed that________one had his name written inside. 答案 1.Everyone 2.everything 3.Either 4.Nobody 5.that 6.either 7.none 8.that 9.those 10.another 11．those 12.none 13.neither 14.none 15.those 16.each | 
