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你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗? (6)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。如: Which is the bike that you lost? 哪辆是你丢的自行车? Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 赢得金牌的那个男孩是谁? (7)有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词宜用which,另外一个宜用that。 如: They secretly built up a small factory,which produced things that could cause pollution. 他们偷偷地建了一家小工厂,这家工厂生产的东西可能会造成污染。 (8)当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词在从句中关系代词也作表语时。 如: Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 2.当先行词指事/物时,定语从句中关系代词必须用which的情况: (1)在非限制性定语从句中,只用which,不用that。如: Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,which, of course,made the others envy him. 海伦对最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多,这一点当然让其他的儿子很嫉妒。 (2)当动词短语中的介词提前时,只用which,不用that。如: This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。 注意:在一些固定搭配的动词短语中,由于动词和介词不可分割,因此不能 把介词置于关系代词之前。如: This is the pen(which/that)I’m looking for. 这是我正在寻找的那支钢笔。 不可以说:This is the pen for which I’m looking. (三)关系代词who,whom,that和whose的用法 当先行词指人:①关系词在定语从句中作主语时,用who/that,不可省略;②关 系词在定语从句中作宾语时,用whom/who/that,可以省略;③关系词在定语 从句中作定语时,用whose,不可省略。如: She is the girl who/that lives next door.(关系词在定语从句中作主语)她就是 住在隔壁的女孩。 That’s the girl (whom/who/that) I teach.(关系词在定语从句中作宾语)那就 是我教的女孩。 This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.(关系词在定语从句 中作定语)这就是那位成就卓著的科学家。 This is the house whose window broke last night. =This is the house,the window of which broke last night. =This is the house,of which the window broke last night. 这就是昨晚窗户坏了的那所房子。 (四)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时,关系代词只能用which或whom,并且不能 省略。如: He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. 他付给那个男孩10美元擦洗10个窗户,这10个窗户中大部分至少一年没擦 了。 In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在黑暗的街道上,她没有一个可以求助的人。 2.在限制性定语从句中,当介词位于定语从句的末尾时,可用that/which(指 物),that/whom/who(指人)作介词的宾语,而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以 省略。如: This is the hero we are proud of. 这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄。 This is the pen I wrote the letter with. 这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。 3.“介词短语+关系代词which”引导的定语从句,这种结构引导的定语从 句常与先行词用逗号分开,定语从句常用倒装语序。如: He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tall tree. 他住在一所大房子里,房子前面有一棵大树。 4.介词+which/whom+不定式结构。如: The poor man has no house in which to live. =The poor man has no house to live in. =The poor man has no house in which he can live. 那个穷人没房子住。 The beggar has no money with which to buy food. =The beggar has no money to buy food with. =The beggar has no money that he can buy food with. 那个乞丐没钱买吃的。 (五)关系代词as引导的定语从句 关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句,as 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式: 1. | 
