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四、动词和短语动词 知识网络 动词的分类 行为动词（实义动词） ①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop; ②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come ③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong ④动作动词：延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come） 连系动词（汉语中没有这种词类） 助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语） be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall 情态动词 can(could),may(might),must,shall(should) 短语动词常见的构成方式及其注意点 动词+副词及物不及物 Please turn every light in the house off. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. 晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。注意：如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开 She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间She gave them away.她送掉了它们。③同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上的差异ring back回电话 ring off挂断电话 ring up打电话put away放好 put on穿，上演 put up挂起，举起。④不同动词和同一副词搭配时，在意义上的差异break out发生，爆炸 carry out进行，开展 go out熄灭hand out分发let out放出look out当心sell out卖完set out出发, take out取出work out算出 | 
