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指代时间、距离、自然现象等 例句： It’s a lovely day isn’t it? It was very cold today. It’s a long way to go. What time is it ? It’ s half past eleven. 指代前面所提到的人或事物，或指代说话双方都熟悉的人、婴儿等。 例句： Who is knocking at the door? It’s me. Sorry I am late again . It doesn’t matter. Thank you. Don’t mention it. 3) 作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往是从句，动名词、不定式等。例如： 例句： He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well. We think it no good reading in bed. I think it necessary that we have a meeting. It is said that all of them have gone to the cinema. It is no use trying to persuade him. It is well-known that China has the largest population in the world. 4) it 用于虚指，尤其是表示喜好、憎恶的动词，如;enjoy, like, love, dislike, hate, see to后，即这些动词后面的宾语从句前要加 it. 例句： I hate it when people speak with their mouth full. | 
