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2.被动语态的用法 (1)不知道谁是动作的执行者,或没有必要指明谁是动作的执行者。如: —George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding? —No,I hadn't been invited.Did they have a big wedding? ——乔治和露西上周结婚了。你去参加他们的婚礼了吗? ——没有,我没有被邀请。他们的婚礼隆重吗? —The window is dirty. —I know.It hasn't been cleaned for weeks. ——窗户脏了。 ——我知道。好几周没擦了。 All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home. 除了经理以外所有的雇员都被鼓励在家网上办公。 (3)在文章标题、广告、资讯中。如: Millions of pounds' worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. 昨天晚上一场席卷英格兰北部的风暴造成了价值上百万英镑的损失。 (4)当动作的执行者不是人时。如: The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are per- suaded to eat more fruit and vegetables. 如果人们被说服了吃更多的水果和蔬菜,那么死于心脏病的人数将大大减 少。 (2)需要强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身。如: 3.注意短语动词的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。如: That old man was often laughed at.那位老人常被人嘲笑。 The plan will be given up.这项计划就要被放弃了。 Bad habits have been done away with. 坏习惯已经改掉了。 (注意:在被动结构中,切不可丢掉后面的介词或副词) He must be prevented from going.必须阻止他去。 The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible. 这项计划应该尽早执行。 (谓语部分是:情态动词+be+过去分词) She got married last week.她上周结婚了。 The patient got treated once a week. 那位病人一周得到一次治疗。 He fell off the car and got killed. 他从汽车上摔下来,死了。 二、主动形式表被动意义 1.“系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become, fall,get,grow,keep+形容词/名词”构成系表结构。如: The steel feels cold.钢摸起来很凉。 His plan proved(to be)practical. 他的计划被证明很实用。 4.“get+过去分词”可以表示被动,此结构比较口语化。如: It has gone bad.这个东西已经变质了。 2.表示开始、结束、运动的动词,如begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end, shut,run,move 等。如: Work began at 7 o'clock this morning. 今天早上7点钟开始工作的。 The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day. 这个商店每天下午6点关门。 3.表示主语的某种属性特征的动词,如read,write,act,iron,cut,draw,drive,sell, wash,clean,wear,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink。这类动词一般不单独使用, 常有一个修饰语。如: This coat dries easily. 这件外套容易干。 Nylon cleans easily. 尼龙容易洗干净。 Your article reads well. 你的文章读起来很好。 This material has worn thin. 这个材料已经磨薄了。 The match won't catch.火柴擦不着。 The engine won't start.引擎发动不起来。 4.少数动词用于进行时,其主动形式表示被动含义,如print,cook,sell等。如: The books are printing.这些书正在印刷中。 The meat is cooking.肉正在煮。 | 
