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建议用时：45分钟 Ⅰ.完形填空 [2015·南京盐城质检二]Why do young adult children become independent so much later than they did in 1970,when the average age of independent living was 21? Why have reduced class sizes and increased perpupil expenditures (花销) not __1__ higher academic achievement levels? Why is the mental health of today's kids so poor when __2__ with that of children in the 1960s and before? Why do today's __3__ become defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school? The answer in two words: parental __4__. Those two words best summarize the __5__ between “old” child raising and new, post1960s parenting. Then, the overall philosophy was that parents were not to be __6__ involved with their kids. They were available __7__ crisis, but they stood a (an) __8__ distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trialanderror process. It was the child's __9__， back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was __10__ children learned to be responsible and determined. Today's parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are __11__ when it comes to an understanding of their purpose in their kids' lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids; __12__， the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parent involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are __13__. | 
