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随堂训练 1 A public primary school in New York City has stopped giving its students homework. P. S. 116 Principal Jane Hsu wrote a letter to parents last month explaining that after more than a year of analyzing studies, the school had concluded that students’ after-school time would be better spent on activities like reading at their own pace and playing rather than working on homework. Hsu’s letter says that many studies indicate that there is no connection between homework and academic success. Indeed, there are some studies that show that the link between homework and success is doubtful at the primary school level. An important 1989 study on homework by Professor Cooper found that doing homework led students to perform better in school as they grew older. In later grades, students who did homework performed increasingly better than students who did not. In 2006, Cooper published a study that analyzed 15 years’ worth of data on the effectiveness of homework. He found that homework had a more positive impact on students as they aged, and identified stronger relations between homework and achievement for students in grades seven through twelve than for students in kindergarten through sixth grade. A 2017 study from the Indiana University School of Education on 10th-graders found little relation between time spent on homework and better course grades, although it did find a positive relation between homework time and standardized test performance. | 
