|
Reading Comprehension A A blocked airway (气道) can kill someone in three to four minutes, but it can take more than eight minutes for an ambulance to arrive. So a simple procedure such as opening someone’s airway can save their life while they’re waiting for emergency medical help. This means you’re more likely to give first aid to someone you know than a stranger. There are many misconceptions (误解) surrounding first aid. Below are the “most popular” ones with details of what you should do. Top four first aid misconceptions: 1. You should put butter or cream on a burn. The only thing you should put on a burn is cold water — keep the butter for cooking. Put the affected area under cold running water for at least ten minutes. 2. The best way to treat bleeding is to put the wound under a tap. If you put a bleeding wound under a tap, you wash away the body抯 clotting agents (t凝血剂) and make it bleed more. Instead, put pressure on the wound with whatever is available to stop or slow down the flow of blood. As soon as possible call 999. Keep pressure on the wound until help arrives. 3. Nosebleeds are best treated by putting the head back. If you put the head back during a nosebleed, all the blood goes down the back of the airway. Instead, advise them to tilt (倾斜) their head forwards and ask them to pinch (捏) the end of their nose and breathe through their mouth. | 
