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五、动词和短语动词 知识网络 动词的分类 行为动词（实义动词） ①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop; ②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come ③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong ④动作动词：延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come） 连系动词（汉语中没有这种词类） 助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语） be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall 情态动词 can(could),may(might),must,shall(should) 短语动词常见的构成方式及其注意点 动词+副词及物不及物 Please turn every light in the house off. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. 晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。注意：①如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开 She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。②如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间She gave them away.她送掉了它们。③同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上的差异ring back回电话 ring off挂断电话 ring up打电话put away放好 put on穿，上演 put up挂起，举起。④不同动词和同一副词搭配时，在意义上的差异break out发生，爆炸 carry out进行，开展 go out熄灭hand out分发let out放出look out当心sell out卖完set out出发, take out取出work out算出 | 
