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介词的用法比较灵活，搭配比较复杂。近几年高考常考介词的词义辨析、介词与名词的搭配、介词与动词的搭配及习惯表达法中的介词。根据高考命题的趋向，介词的复习应该将重点放在常用介词的用法总结、近义介词的辨析以及介词与ving、介词与名词的固定搭配上。 近几年高考常考介词分类如下： 种类 举例 单个介词 about，above，across，after，against，among，around，at，below，beyond，during，except，in，through，towards，with，etc. 合成介词 inside，into，onto，outside，throughout，upon，within，without，etc. 成语介词 according to，because of，on account of，as a result of，instead of，up to，due to，owing to，thanks to，out of，etc. 双重介词 from among，from inside，from behind，from under，till after，etc. 分词变来的介词 including，considering(＝given)(考虑到，就……而言)，etc. 由形容词转化来的介词 like，unlike，near，next，opposite，etc. 一、常用介词和介词短语的用法 1．介词at可表示动作、感情的原因，意思是“因……而；一听到(看到/想到)……就”。 At the boy's remark，the bookseller looked at him curiously.听到男孩最后的那句话，卖书人好奇地看着他。 Why was the boy surprised at the writer's request? 那男孩为什么对作者的请求感到吃惊？ 2．on＋名词或动名词结构可表示“一……就”。 On his arrival he went straight to the counter and spoke to the clerk in uniform behind it.一到饭店，他就径直往柜台走去，并与柜台后边穿制服的店员说话。 On arriving home，I discovered they had gone. 我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。 【注意】 表示“一……就……”意思的短语或句型小结： On his arrival(at the hotel)．..相当于： ①On arriving (at the hotel)．.. ②As soon as he arrived (at the hotel)．.. ③The moment(minute/second)/Immediately/Instantly he arrived(at the hotel)．.. ④Hardly had he arrived(at the hotel)when... ⑤No sooner had he arrived(at the hotel)than... 4．with的用法 (1)表示“和……在一起”、“由……陪同”或“有……在场”的意思。 Mr. and Mrs. Smith were there，with their family of three small children. 史密斯夫妇带着他们三个年幼的孩子都在那儿。 (2)表示两种事物之间的相应关系或齐头并进的意思。 With time passing，they have grown into big boys. 随着时间的流逝，他们都长成大小伙子了。 (3)引导一个表示方式的状语的附加语。 She lay back in the chair with her eyes closed. 她闭着眼睛背靠在椅子上坐着。 (4)指原因或理由。 The small child trembled with fear. 小孩吓得打哆嗦。 5．by的用法 (1)表示“不迟于(某时间)”的意思。 We have to be home by ten o'clock. 我们十点钟得到家。 (2)含有“到……的程度”的意思。 This one is shorter than the other by three inches. 这一个比那一个短三英寸。 (3)表示买卖东西所用以计算的数或量，或付酬所用以计算的时间。 Milk is sold by the pint，butter by the pound，and eggs by the dozen.牛奶论品脱卖，黄油论磅卖，蛋类论打卖。 (4)表示“按照……”或“根据……”的意思。 By my watch，the time is half past eleven. 按我的表，现在是十一点半。 | 
