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段落是文章的缩影。写好了段落，就能比较成功地写出较好的文章。经过中学英语基础阶段的学习之后，大学英语的写作重点就从选词造句转移到了联句成段和联段成篇上。进行段落层次上的写作训练，是写好英语文章的关键一环。下面介绍的是段落结构。 段落(paragraph)是由表达单一中心思想(controlling idea or central idea)的一组句子(包括主题句topic sentence，推展句supporting sentences及结论句concluding sentence)构成，是文章结构的基本独立单位。本讲我们将就主题句和中心思想这两个方面展开讨论。 主题句与推展句 1.主题句主题句(topic sentence)是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。请看下例： My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others. Dont argue with parents;they will think you dont love them. Dont argue with children;they will think themselves victimized. Dont argue with spouses;they will think you are a tiresome mate. Dont argue with strangers;they will think you are not friendly. My mothers rules，in fact，can be summed up in two words：Dont argue.主题句中提出的certain rules指的是什么?展开句中通过四个Dont argue逐一加以交代。从结构来看，这是一个比较典型的段落，它包括了主题句，推展句和结论句(即本段中的末句)。 | 
