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5.定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：Shanghai is a big city . 6.状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard . 7.宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean. / He often helps me do my lessons. / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself. ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ? 构词法 英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。 1.合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2.派生法： 派生名词：①动词+er/or ②动词+ing ③动词+ion ④形容词+ness ⑤其他,如：inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge 派生形容词：①名词+y ②名词+ful ③动词+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+an 如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily,nervous, delicious 派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它,如：slowly, angrily, fullfully, goodwell, possiblepossibly等等。 | 
