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To understand why we should be concerned about how young people read, it helps to know something about the way the ability to read evolved. Unlike the ability to understand and produce spoken language, the ability to read must be painstakingly 36 by each individual. The reading circuits we construct in the brain can be 37 or they can be robust, depending on how often and how 38 we use them. The deep reader enters a state of hypnotic trance . When readers are enjoying the experience the most, the pace of their reading 39 slows. The combination of fast, fluent decoding of words and slow, unhurried progress on the page gives deep readers time to enrich their reading with reflection and analysis. It gives them time to establish an 40 relationship with the author, the two of them 41 in a long and warm conversation like people falling in love. This is not reading as many young people know it. Their reading is instrumental: the difference between what literary critic Frank Kermode calls carnal reading and spiritual reading. If we allow our offspring to believe carnal reading is all there isif we dont open the door to spiritual reading, through an early 42 on discipline and practicewe will have 43 them of an enjoyable experience they would not otherwise encounter. Observing young peoples 44 to digital devices, some progressive educators talk about meeting kids where they are, molding instruction around their onscreen habits. This is mistaken. We need, 45 , to show them someplace theyve never been, a place only deep reading can take them. | 
