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Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2 Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Many countries have made it illegal to chat into a hand-held mobile phone white driving. But the latest research further confirms that the danger lies less in what a motorists hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a hands-free device can divert a drivers attention to an alarming extent. Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick, and Todd Horowitz of Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation using a speakerphone. As Kunar and Horowitz report, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7 metres to the braking distance of a car traveling at 100kph. They also found the group using the hands-free kit made 83% more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking. | 
