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1. There are, of course, exceptions. Small--minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. 当然，例外是存在的。在美国，心胸狭窄的官员，粗鲁的传者，和没有 礼貌的出租车司机也并不少见。然而人们常常得出这样的观察意见，这使得它值得被讨论一下。 2. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. 我们生活在一种药品的医学用途和社会用途都很广泛的社会里： 一片用来止头痛的阿斯匹林，一些用来社交的葡萄酒，早上自己提提神所喝的咖啡，一支用来定神的香烟。 | 
