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Drain or gain? 人才外流，是得还是失? Poor countries can end up benefiting when theirbrightest citizens emigrate 穷国最终会从人才外流中获益 WHEN people in rich countries worry about migration, they tend to think of low-paid incomerswho compete for jobs as construction workers, dishwashers or farmhands. When people indeveloping countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect oftheir best and brightest decamping to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in thedeveloped world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australiatry to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates. 发达国家担心移民，他们通常考虑的是对收入要求较低的移民会和他们竞争就业岗位，例如建筑工人，洗碗工或是农场工人。而发展中国家担心移民，则通常考虑的是，他们最优秀的人才流入了硅谷，或是发达国家的一些医院和大学。而这些人才正是英国、加拿大、澳大利亚这样的国家需要的，他们通过优待大学生的移民政策来吸引这样的人才。 Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularlylikely to emigrate. By some estimates, two-thirds of highly educated Cape Verdeans liveoutside the country. A big survey of Indian households carried out in 2004 asked about familymembers who had moved abroad. It found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. This braindrain has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts theireconomies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at theiruniversities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factoriesto make. | 
