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Passage 12 According to psychologists（心理学家）, an emotion is aroused when a man or animal views something as either bad or good. When a person feels like running away from something he thinks will hurt him, we call this emotion fear. if the person wants to remove the danger by attacking it, we call the emotion anger. The emotions of joy and love are aroused when we think something can help us. An emotion does not have to be created by something in the outside world. it can be created by a person s thoughts. Everyone has emotions. Many psychologists believe that infants are born without emotions. They believe children learn emotions just as they learn to read and write. A growing child not only learns his emotions but learns how to act in certain situations because of an emotion. Psychologists think that there are two types of emotion: positive and negative. Positive emotions include love, liking, joy, delight, and hope. They are aroused by something that appeals to a person. Negative emotions make a person unhappy or dissatisfied. They include anger, fear,despair, sadness, and disgust. in growing up, a person learns to cope with the negative emotions in order to be happy. Emotions may be weak or strong. Some strong emotions are so unpleasant that a person will try any means to escape from them. in order to feel happy, the person may choose unusual ways to avoid the emotion. Strong emotions can make it hard to think and to solve problems. They may prevent a person from learning or paying attention to what he is doing. For example, a student taking an examination may be so worried about failing that he cannot think properly. The worry drains valuable mental energy he needs for the examination. 56. We learn from the passage that an emotion is created by something . A）one thinks bad or good B）one feels in danger C）one faces in the outside world D）one tries to escape from real life 57. Which of the following is NOT true? A）Children learn emotions as they grow up. B）Babies are born with emotions. C）Emotions fall into two types in general. D）People can cope with the negative emotions in life. 58. The author s purpose of writing this passage is to . A） explain why people have emotions B） show how people avoid the negative emotions C） explain what people should do before emotions D） define and classify people s emotions 59. We can safely conclude that a student may fail in an exam if . A） he can not think properly B） he can t pay attention to it C） he can t pay attention to it D） he is not full of energy 60. As used in the last sentence, the word drains means . A） stops B） ties C） weakens D） flows gradually 参考答案：Passage 12 56.A 57.B 58.D 59.B 60.C | 
