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从零开始学语法:非延续性动词的用法特征

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  1. 非延续性动词可用来表示某一动作完成,因此可用于现在完成时。如:

  The train has arrived. 火车到了。

  Have you joined the computer group? 你加入电脑小组了吗?

  2. 非延续性动词表示的动作极其短暂,不能持续。因此,不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定句)。如:

  (1) 他死了三年了。

  误:He has died for three years.

  正:He has been dead for three years.

  正:He died three years ago.

  正:It is three years since he died.

  正:Three years has passed since he died.

  (2) 他来这儿五天了。

  误:He has come here for five days.

  正:He has been here for five days.

  正:He came here five days ago.

  正:It is five days since he came here.

  正:Five days has passed since he came here.

  (1)、(2)句中的diecome为非延续性动词,不能与表示时间段的状语连用。那么,应如何正确表达呢?可以采用下面的四种方法:

  a. 将句中非延续性动词转换为相应的延续性动词,如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例:leavebe away, borrowkeep, buyhave, begin/startbe on, diebe dead, move tolive in, finishbe over, joinbe in/be a member of, open sth.keep sth. open, fall illbe ill, get upbe up, catch a coldhave a cold

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