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If I eat nuts， then I break out in hives. This in turn can be symbolized as N――H. Next， we interpret the clause there is a blemish on my hand to mean hives， which we symbolize as H. Substituting these symbolssintosthe argument yields the following diagram： N――H H Therefore， N The diagram clearly shows that this argument has the same structure as the g iven argument. The answer， therefore， is 。 Denying the Premise Fallacy A――B ~A Therefore， ~B The fallacy of denying the premise occurs when an if-then statement is prese nted， its premise denied， and then its conclusion wrongly negated. Example： The senator will be reelected only if he opposes the new tax bill. But he wa s defeated. So he must have supported the new tax bill. The sentence The senator will be reelected only if he opposes the new tax b ill contains an embedded if-then statement： If the senator is reelected， then he opposes the new tax bill. This in turn can be symbolized as R――~T. The sentence But the senator was defeated can be reworded as He was not reelected， which in turn can be symbolized as ~R. Finally， the sentence He must have supported the new tax bill can be symbolized as T. Using these symbols the argument can be diagrammed as follows： | 
