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倒装： 英语的一般语序为：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 。有时为了语法上或修辞上的需要而改变这种语序，如将谓语动词放到主语的前面，就称为倒装。因语法需要的倒装称为语法倒装，例如英语中的疑问句多采用倒装形式，如Are you a doctor or an engineer? 因修辞需要，如为了强调、句子结构均衡或承上启下等目的倒装，称为修辞性倒装，例如On the top of the hill stands a pretty little house. 。 就应试而言，以下倒装现象应给予特别注意： 1) not, not until, never, no, no sooner, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, few 等 否定词开头的句子，比较： 例1 正常语序：I shall never forget the first days at college. 倒装语序：Never shall I forget the first days at college. 例2 正常语序：I did not have any idea what market economy is until recently. 倒装语序：Not until recently did I have any idea what market economy is. 以上两个句子采用倒装语序的主要目的是为了强调。 在这一节中，要特别注意以下三个倒装句型： not until ，见以上例2 no sooner than， 例如： No sooner had she finished reading the poem than the students began to ask her questions. hardly when ，与 no soonerthan句型的意思和用法相同，就是不要把搭配搞错了，既： Hardly had she finished reading the poem when the students began to ask her questions. 2)介词 + no否定词开头的句子, 比较： 正常语序：I shall not do anything against the interests of the country under any circumstances. 倒装语序：Under no circumstances shall I do anything against the interests of the country. 3) only, so/such ，often 等词开头的句子，比较： 4) 正常语序：We can learn a foreign language well only in this way. 倒装语序：Only in this way can we learn a foreign language well. 正常语序：The stain was so small that I could hardly see it. 倒装语序：So small was the stain that I could hardly see it. 从以上的举例可以归纳出： 如果以上的词本来就是修饰或说明主语的，不存在倒装问题，例如： Not all scientists accept his new theory about the origin of the Universe. 怎么倒装?采用一般疑问句的倒装规则。 应试思路： 倒装句一般都比较长，表达的意思相对比较复杂，这给英语基础比较差的考生带来理解上的一定困难。为了提高应试效率，要牢牢把握好以下应试思路： 见到not等否定词，或only, so, often, 或介词 + no开头的句子，首先要考虑是否倒装; 看看答案中哪个采用了倒装形式; 如果答案中有几个倒装形式，比较一下时态、语态或其他细微差别。 例如： Not since the great growth years of the snowmobile ______ as much as the latest entry of all terrain vehicle. A. did a sport vehicle catch the publics fancy B. a sport vehicle had caught the publics fancy C.has a sport vehicle caught the publics fancy D.will a sport vehicle catch the publics fancy 要正确翻译这个句子并不是件容易的事，但并不影响解题： 首先，这是个not开头的句子，需要倒装; 第二，在A、A、C、D四个答案中，B是唯一不倒装的，肯定不对; 第三，尽管A、C、D都是倒装形式，但由于是not since，要用现在完成时，故正确答案是C. 从以上例子可以看出，就语法考试而言，牢记基本规则，把握正确解题思路有时比多认识几个英语单词更重要。 其他需注意的倒装现象： 4) here, there, back, down, off, in, up等表示地点状语的词开头的句子，例如： Here comes a taxi! There goes the last bus! Down came the rain. 但是：主语是代词时不倒装，例如： Here it comes. There she goes. 5) 主语 + live, stand, lie, sit 等动词 + 地点状语 的结构中常采用倒装语序，例如： 正常语序：An old temple stands at the top of the hill. 倒装语序：At the top of the hill stands an old temple. 同样，如果主语是代词，也不能倒装，例如： It stands at the top of the hill. 6) although 让步从句用as或 though代替时，例如： 正常语序：Although he is young, he is quite expert in computer technology. 倒装语序：Young as he is, he is quite expert in computer technology. 4)、5)、6)类倒装只是简单的语序调整。 | 
