前此,谈到动词形态和被动语态的关系,并且指出动词过去分词的重要,以及它是许多错误之源。 除此之外,其他类型的错误,也屡见不鲜,包括下列四种: ㈠不定式动词(the infinitive),如: ① An applicant was rejected, but the personnel manager who rang up with the bad news promised to help her looked for a job elsewhere. 凡在HELP+宾语后面出现的一定是不定式动词,可以带to ,也可以不带to,但是绝对不可以是其他形式的动词,因此 looked要改为look或to look。 另一个和MAKE有关的句型,也常有形态问题,如: ② The sight of the horrible animal made our blood ran cold. ③ The long distance between Singapore and China makes Singapores businessmen considering going to nearer countries to invest. ②里的ran和③里的considering都是动词形态之误,要分别改成run和consider才对。 要注意的是HELP后头的不定式动词可以有to或不带to,但MAKE后面的不定式动词绝对不可有to。 ㈡过去分词(the past participle),如 ④ Like other teaching methods, group discussion can assist students in solving recognising problems. 在英语里,过去分词和现在分词都可以转化为名词修饰语。前者表示被动及完成的活动;后者则表示主动及未完成的动作。④里的名词problems是已经认同的,因此现在分词recognising要改为过去分词recognised才合理。 |