一般人对英语里基本时态的意义和用法都没有什么问题,但是未必每个人都对某些寻常时态的特殊用法有足够的体会。 请看下面这三种情形: Ⅰ 现在简单时态 ⒈现在简单时态可以用来表示未来的动作或活动,但这活动必须事先已有计划,如: ● The plane to Hawaii leaves at 10 tonight. ● The British Prime Minister arrives at 8 tomorrow morning. 这样的不寻常时态里的动词通常只限于来和往之类的活动,不是任何动词都适用。 ⒉现在简单时态也可用来取代时间副词分句(adverb clauses of time)或条件副词分句(adverb clauses of condition)中的现在未来时态,如: ● Lets wait until all the guests come. ● If it rains tomorrow, we cant go fishing. 理论上可以说until all the guests will come和if it will rain tomorrow,但实际句子里,并不如此。 ⒊现在简单时态有时可以用来代替现在过去时态,使所叙述的事物更现实、更灵活,如: ● Alexander Pope says, A little learning is a dangerous thing. ● The Chinese proverb has it, God helps those who help themselves. 只有在特殊情况下,才用这种时态;否则,过去的事, 只好用过去时态,比较妥当。 |