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在英语合成词中，合成名词（compound nouns）数量很多，而且可以按照既定规律自行构造新词。 合成名词构造法主要有下列八种： ①名词+名词，如 daybreak, sunrise, cattleshed, house-keeper, shoe-maker, headache, night-club, pocket-knife, arm-chair, wine-glass, ink-stand, man-servant, maid-servant, steamboat, goldsmith, newspaper, lawsuit等。 ②形容词+名词，如 blackboard, commonweath, highway, stronghold, sweetheart, easy-chair, grandson, blueprint, deadline, high-brow, lazy-bones等。 ③动词+名词，如 drawbridge, grindstone, playground, pickpocket, breakfast, cut-throat, makeshift, sing-song, turn-coat, washbasin 等。 ④副词虚词+名词，如 afterthought, offshoot, outbreak, byway, bylaw, outpost, overcoat, underclothes, outgrowth, downpour, upkeep, bystander等。 ⑤副词虚词+动词，如 income, outlet, outlook, onset, outfit, upstart, inlet, offspring, outburst, offset等。 ⑥动词+副词，如 die-hard, breakdown, drawback, set-up, break-up, farewell, standstill, feedback等。 ⑦名词+动名词，如 book-keeping, town-planning, letter-writing, word-building, tiger-hunting, paper-manufacturing, bill-collecting, car-repairing, television-advertising, window-shopping, day-dreaming, photocopying, handwriting等。 |
