众所周知,被动语态是一种语法手段,使句子里谓语动词后面的宾语,变成主语,成为动作的执行者。因此,当我们要把动作的承受者变成动作的主宰时,便要用被动语态(the passive voice)。 麻烦的是,不是所有的主动语态(the active voice)都可以转变为被动语态,因为有些及物动词(the transitive verb)是不适合以被动形式出现的。 下列句子可以证明: ① I have a Japanese car. ② The auditorium holds 3000 people. ③ This coat does not fit you. ④ Jane resembles her mother. ⑤ Tom jumped the queue. ⑥ I wish you would mind your business. ⑦ Such an idea has just crossed my mind. 此外,有些及物动词虽以主动语态出现,却具有被动含义,故不宜再转变为被动语态。其实,也不能变,因为这些动词后面没有宾语。例如: ⑧ This new knife cuts well. ⑨ Nylon shirts wash easily. ⑩ Jasons books sell quickly. 11. This type of ball pens writes in two colours. 12. The note reads as follows : 另有些动词,虽有主动语态,但却常以被动形式出现,以便更加符合动词惯用法。例如: |