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状语(adverbial)是句子的重要修饰成分。状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分，它附加在谓语中心语的前面，从情况、时间、处所、方式、条件、对象、肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制。 如：At night, I don't go out very often., 此句中at night, very often都是状语 介宾短语作状语是填空题的重要考点，若空格处或空格所在部分之后是完整的主谓句，且两部分之间多以逗号隔开，若选项中无从句结构或分词，此时空格处需填入介宾短语作状语。 例题： (1) ----irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued. (A) Its (B) Where its (C) Since its (D) Because of its 答案：D 解释：此句主干完整, 主语是the use of phenol as a general antiseptic, 谓语是has been largely discontinued, 逗号之前应是状语. A构成名词短语, 与该句主语发生冲突; B、C欲构成从句, 但缺少从句的谓语动词; D恰好构成表示原因的状语, 短语because of 之后常接名词或动名词表原因, 如: He failed the exam because of his carelessness. (2) | 
