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【答案】
【1】 He isn’t cold and hungry. Is he cold and hungry? How is he? How cold and hungry he is!
【2】 Are there any books on the desk? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t. What’s on the desk?
【3】 Who went to school yesterday? Yes, we did. No, we didn’t. Where did you go yesterday?
【4】 What are they doing now? Are they playing the guitar now? They aren’t playing the guitar now. They can play the guitar now.
【解析】
【1】1.改成否定句。原句句意:他又冷又饿。分析该句,主语是he,is是系动词,变为否定句,直接在系动词后加not,is not=isn’t,故答案为He isn’t cold and hungry.
2. 改成一般疑问句。原句句意:他又冷又饿。分析该句,主语是he,is是系动词,陈述句变为一般疑问句,直接把be动词提前,其他部分位置不变即可,故答案为Is he cold and hungry?
3. 对划线部分进行提问。原句句意:他又冷又饿。根据划线部分“cold and hungry(又冷又饿)”可知,是说明他的情况,故问句应是提问“他怎么了”;由how(怎么)提问方式或状况等,故答案为How is he?
4. 改成感叹句。原句句意:他又冷又饿。分析该句,主语是he,is是系动词,cold and hungry是形容词短语,故符合how引导的感叹句结构:How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语!故答案为How cold and hungry he is!
【2】1. 改成一般疑问句。原句句意:桌子上有一些书。该句是由there be句型引导的陈述句,变为一般疑问句直接把be动词提前,其他部分位置保持不变,some多用于陈述句中,在疑问句中要把some改为any;故答案为Are there any books on the desk?
2. 作肯定回答。问句是由there be句型引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, there are. 否定回答为No, there aren’t.故答案为Yes, there are.
3. 改成否定回答。问句是由there be句型引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, there are. 否定回答为No, there aren’t.故答案为No, there aren’t.
4. 对划线部分进行提问。原句句意:桌子上有一些书。由划线部分“some books”可知,问句应是由what引导的特殊疑问句,提问“桌子上的是什么?”,故答案为What’s on the desk?
【3】1. 划线部分进行提问。原句句意:我们昨天去上学了。由划线部分“We”可知,回答的是人物,故问句应是由who引导的特殊疑问句,提问“谁昨天去上学了?”故答案为Who went to school yesterday?
2. 作肯定回答。原句句意:我们昨天去上学了。作肯定回答前先把原句变为一般疑问句,主语we(第一人称)在一般疑问句中要用you(第二人称)代替,went是动词,故要用助动词do引导疑问句,因时态是一般过去时,故助动词do要用过去式did,过去式went要改为原形go;故一般疑问句是Did you go to school yesterday? 肯定回答是Yes, we did. 否定回答是No, we didn’t. 故答案为Yes, we did.
3. 改成否定回答。原句句意:我们昨天去上学了。作肯定回答前先把原句变为一般疑问句,主语we(第一人称)在一般疑问句中要用you(第二人称)代替,went是动词,故要用助动词do引导疑问句,因时态是一般过去时,故助动词do要用过去式did,过去式went要改为原形go;故一般疑问句是Did you go to school yesterday? 肯定回答是Yes, we did. 否定回答是No, we didn’t. 故答案为No, we didn’t.
4. 用 where 提问。原句句意:我们昨天去上学了。此处是回答具体的地点,故问句是用where提问地点,提问“你们昨天去哪里了?”故答案为Where did you go yesterday?
【4】1. 对划线部分进行提问。原句句意:他们现在正在弹吉他。由now可知,句子时态是现在进行时,根据划线部分“guitar”可知,提问应是由what引导的特殊疑问句,提问“他们正在做什么?”故答案为What are they doing now?
2. 改用一般疑问句。原句句意:他们现在正在弹吉他。分析该句,主语是they,are是系动词,变为一般疑问句直接把系动词提前,其他部分位置保持不变即可,故答案为Are they playing the guitar now?
3. 改成否定句。原句句意:他们现在正在弹吉他。分析该句,主语是they,are是系动词,变为否定句,直接在系动词后加not即可,aren’t=are not,故答案为They aren’t playing the guitar now.
4. 用 can 改写句子。原句句意:他们现在正在弹吉他。can(能)是情态动词,其后的动词要用动词原形,故答案为They can play the guitar now.