|
问题：英语中国四大发明,发明者及年代
答案：↓↓↓ 马跃廷的回答： 网友采纳 Papermaking TheearliestformofChinesecharacterswereinscriptionsonoraclebonesoftheShangDynasty,followedbyinscriptionsonancientbronzeobjects,anditwasnotuntiltheSpringandAutumnDynastythattheChinesecharacterswerecarvedontobambooslipsstrungupbyhempcords. TheChinesecharacterswerewrittenonsilkclothsduringtheQinandtheHandynasties,anditwasnotuntilCaiLun’s(蔡伦61-121)improvedpapermakingmethodintheEasternHanDynastythatpaperwaswidelyusedthroughoutancientChina.Papermakingwasagreateventinthehistoryofhumancivilization,anditwasintroducedintoEuropeancountries1,000yearslater. Gunpowder发明者不详 Gunpowder,amixtureofcharcoal,saltpeterandsulfur,wasinventedbyancientChinesealchemistsduringtheprocessofalchemyintheSuiandtheTangdynasties,anditisahighlyvolatileexplosive.Theancientfirearrowresemblesthepresentrockettubeinshape,andwaswidelyusedinbattlesonwater. ThegunpowderwasenormouslyemployedinthewarsduringtheTangandSongdynasties;itwasintroducedintotheArabiancountriesbytheMongoliansandthentotheEuropeancountries. Compass发明者不详(我们中国人皆传说是黄帝发明) ThelegendwentthatHuangdi(thelegendaryforebearoftheChinesenation)defeatedtheChiyoutribewiththehelpofasouthward-pointingcart,akindofmechanicaldeviceforindicatingdirectionsinancienttimes.Onthebasisofthesouthward-pointingcart,theChinesepeopleinventedacompassintheWarringStatePeriod(战国时代)andlaterappliedittoseaexplorationsandwars. Greatprogresswasmadeincompass-makingintheSongDynasty,whenitgreatlystimulatedthedevelopmentoftheshippingindustry.Later,theArabiansandPersianslearnedtomakecompassesfromtheancientChineseandintroducedthemtotheEuropeancountries. PrintingTechniques Beforetheemergenceofaprintingtechnique,booksweretranscribedbyscholarsonebyonethroughoutthehistoryofChina.AlthougharubbingtechniqueandablockprintingtechniquesuccessivelyemergedintheHanDynastyandtheWesternJinDynasty,itwasstilltime-consumingtoprintabook. BiSheng（970-1051毕升是活字印刷术的发明者）firstinventedmovabletypeprintingintheSongDynasty,greatlypromotingthedevelopmentoftheprintingtechnique,forwhichhewaspraisedasthefatheroftypography. TheChineseprintingtechniqueisavanguardofhumancivilization,whichwasintroducedtotheEuropeancountriesbytheArabians,anditcreatesfavorableconditionsforknowledgedisseminationintheworld. 【很希望我的回答会对你有帮助.如有不明白,可以再追问,若满意请采纳,谢谢你,并祝你进步!】 | 
