人类遗传病类型特点比较
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 1px solid; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: black 1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1px solid"><tbody><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.4pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 103.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="138"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">类型</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="264"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">主要特点或病因</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">举例</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td rowspan="6" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 31.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="42"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">单基</span></p><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">因遗</span></p><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">传病</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="96"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">常染色体显性</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="264"><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">连续遗传、男女概率相等、近亲婚配概率不变</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">并指、软骨发育不全</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="96"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">常染色体隐性</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="264"><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">隔代遗传、男女概率相等、近亲婚配概率升高</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">白化病、苯丙酮尿症</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="96"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">伴</span>X<span style="font-family: 宋体;">显性</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="264"><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">连续遗传、概率男少女多、近亲婚配概率不变</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">抗</span>VitD<span style="font-family: 宋体;">佝偻病</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="96"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">伴</span>X<span style="font-family: 宋体;">隐性</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="264"><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">隔代遗传、概率男多女少、近亲婚配概率升高</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">色盲、血友病</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="96"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">伴</span>Y<span style="font-family: 宋体;">遗传</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="264"><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">连续遗传、只由男性患者传给全部的儿子</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">毛耳病</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="96"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">母系遗传病</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="264"><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">连续遗传、只由女性患者传给所有的子女</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center">Leber<span style="font-family: 宋体;">遗传性视神经病</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 103.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="138"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">多基因遗传病</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="264"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">表现为家族聚集现象、容易受环境影响</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">唇裂、无脑儿</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td rowspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 31.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="42"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">染色</span></p><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">体病</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="96"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">常染色体病</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="264"><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">病因：染色体结构数目变异</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">猫叫综合征（</span>5<span style="font-family: 宋体;">号缺失）</span></p></td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 14.85pt"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="96"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">性染色体病</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="264"><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">病因：减数分离过程中性染色体分配异常</span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 105pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" width="140"><p align="center"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">特纳氏综合征（</span>XO<span style="font-family: 宋体;">）</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
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