2023年高考有机化学反应的方程式
<p>有机化学反应的方程式</p><p>一.取代反应</p><p>1.CH4+Cl2--光CH3Cl+HCl</p><p>2.有机化学反应的方程式：C2H6+Cl2--光C2H5Cl+HCl</p><p>3.C6H6+Br2FeC6H5Br+HBr</p><p>4.C2H5OH+HBr--加热C2H5Br+H2O</p><p>5.C6H6+HNO3--H2SO4水浴加热C6H5NO2+H2O</p><p>6.C6H5Cl+H2O--NaOHCu,高温,加压C6H5OH+HCl</p><p>7.C2H5Cl+H2ONaOHC2H5OH+HCl</p><p>8.CH3COOC2H5+H2O稀硫酸,加热CH3COOH+C2H5OH</p><p>9.(C17H35COO)3C3H5+3NaOHC3H5(OH)3+3C17H35COOH</p><p>10.2CH3CH2OH+2Na2CH3CH2ONa+H2</p><p>11.2C6H5OH+2Na2C6H5ONa+H2</p><p>12.2CH3COOH+2Na2CH3COONa+H2</p><p>(分子间脱水)C2H5OH+C2H5OH--浓H2SO4,140℃C2H5OC2H5+H2O</p><p>www.xuexidiyi.com</p><p>二.加成反应</p><p>13.CH2=CH2+H2Ni,加热CH3CH3</p><p>14.CH2=CH2+HCl--催化剂,加热CH3CH2Cl</p><p>15.C2H2+H2--Ni,加热CH2=CH2</p><p>16.C2H2+2H2--Ni,加热CH3CH3</p><p>17.C2H2+2HCl--催化剂,加热CH3CHCl2</p><p>18.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+Br2CH2=CH-CHBr-CH2Br</p><p>19.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+Br2CH2Br-CH=CH-CH2Br</p><p>20.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+2Br2BrCH2-CHBr-CHBr-CH2Br</p><p>21.CH3CHO+H2NiCH3CH2OH</p><p>22.CH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO+H2--NiCH2OH-(CHOH)4-CH2OH</p><p>23.C6H6+3H2NiC6H12(环己烷)</p><p>24.C6H6+3Cl2--光C6H6Cl6</p><p>25.CH2=CH2+H2O--H2SO4,加热,加压CH3CH2OH三.消去反应</p><p>26.CH3CH2OH--浓H2SO4,170℃CH2=CH2+H2O</p><p>27.CH3CH2Br+NaOH--醇,加热CH2=CH2+NaBr+H2O</p><p>四.酯化反应(取代反应)</p><p>28.CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH--浓H2SO4,加热CH3COOC2H5+H2O</p><p>29.C3H5(OH)3+3HNO3--浓H2SO4C3H5(ONO2)3+3H2O</p><p>五.水解(卤代烃、酯、油脂的水解见上,亦是取代反应)</p><p>30.CH3COONa+H2OCH3COOH+NaOH</p><p>31.CH3CH2ONa+H2OCH3CH2OH+NaOH</p><p>32.C6H5ONa+H2OC6H5OH+NaOH</p><p>33.C17H35COONa+H2OC17H35COOH+NaOH</p><p>34.(C6H10O5)n+nH2O--H2SO4,加热nC6H12O6</p><p>六.氧化反应www.xuexidiyi.com</p><p>35.2C2H5OH+O2--Cu或Ag,加热2CH3CHO+2H2O</p><p>36.C6H12O6+6O26CO2+6H2O+热</p><p>37.2CH3CHO+O22CH3COOH</p><p>38.CH3CHO+2OHCH3COONH4+2Ag+3NH3+H2O</p><p>39.CH3CHO+2Cu(OH)2加热CH3COOH+Cu2O+2H2O</p><p>40.CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO+2OHCH2OH(CHOH)4COONH4+2Ag+3NH3+H2O</p><p>41.CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO+2Cu(OH)2--加热CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH+Cu2O+2H2O</p><p>42.HCOOH+2OHNH4HCO3+2Ag+3NH3+H2O</p><p>43.HCOOH+2Cu(OH)2加热CO2+Cu2O+3H2O</p><p>44.HCOONa+2OHNaHCO3+4NH3+2Ag+H2O</p><p>45.HCOONH4+2OHNH4HCO3+2Ag+4NH3+H2O</p><p>46.HCOOR+2OHNH4OCOOR+2Ag+3NH3+H2O</p><p>47.HCHO+2OHHCOONH4+2Ag+3NH3+H2O</p><p>48.HCHO+4OHNH4HCO3+4Ag+7NH3+2H2O</p><p>49.HCHO+4Cu(OH)2加热CO2+2Cu2O+5H2O</p><p>七.还原反应</p><p>50.CH3COCH3+H2--NiCH3CHOHCH360.HCHO+H2--NiCH3OH</p><p>51.C6H5CH=CH2+4H2--NiC6H11CH2CH3</p><p>八.加聚反应</p><p>52.nCH2=CH2n</p><p>53.nCH3-CH=CH2n</p><p>67.nCH2=C-COOCH3n</p><p>68.nCH2=C-CH=CH2n</p><p>九.缩聚反应</p><p>氨基酸合成蛋白质</p>
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