2021-2022学年九年级上册化学鲁教版常考实验小练（10）二氧化碳的实验室制取与性质
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列关于<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/19/3CE7A15F904FDDE37E20411B3EF3AF81.png"><br>的实验室制法及性质实验的说法不正确的是( )<br><tbody><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/19/2AAFD84E8C900B8219C020A96B733D5B.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/19/64F1FEBE7124DC756A7A8062A0C68FFE.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/19/2A085EE6D53C2303829B7E94EF72787D.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/19/04281E36B7BAF2A4271BB6B0A8BE6B55.png"><br>A.制<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/19/3CE7A15F904FDDE37E20411B3EF3AF81.png"><br>的药品<br>B.发生装置<br>C.收集装置<br>D.比较<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/19/3CE7A15F904FDDE37E20411B3EF3AF81.png"><br>与空气的密度<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/17ca565eb7504c1197802ae9f24e8eb4/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/32731ddb925d4f4a884094628caaf1f0/D33B20551650278E837D0C9851C520B8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>某化学兴趣小组用如图装置研究二氧化碳的性质。下列有关说法不正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/27/AD53A22AFA97A45E7B785ADCDD5798A9.png"><br>A.实验1:打开<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/27/A36E62DF753CE1545B19E9FDE1E1FA88.png"><br>,从长颈漏斗加水没过漏斗下端,关闭<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/27/A36E62DF753CE1545B19E9FDE1E1FA88.png"><br>,振荡。可以观察到气球变大<br>B.实验1可以验证<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/27/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>与水反应<br>C.实验2中下端的火柴先熄灭<br>D.实验2可以验证<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/27/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>的密度比空气大<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/7d29715e38774ebeb31c447b06bf99ef/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/7c511cf68499415895077ea0712ba6cc/A3492B31A76F4B3D30705CBF6D3E5402.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：较易<br>如图甲、乙是实验室制备<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>和某同学设计的验证<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>性质的实验装置图。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/260FFDDFAB791AB7E49759D099AC288D.png"><br>1.标有字母a的仪器的名称是。<br>2.甲中发生反应的化学方程式是______。<br>3.乙中进行实验时,先关闭<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/0E8382BCD3985B53EB8D2529000F570B.png"><br>和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/AD055F63B6C97EB311A454E297F00C08.png"><br>,加热c,一段时间后再通入<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>,观察到b、d中纸花均不变色。再打开<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/AD055F63B6C97EB311A454E297F00C08.png"><br>,b中纸花逐渐变,由此证明了<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>能与水反应。若打开<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/0E8382BCD3985B53EB8D2529000F570B.png"><br>,还可以证明<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/19/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>具有的化学性质是。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/2a50a546cc4649d888d93ef6cad3d225/BF904E0FA0DCA36AF41313ADD7214414.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/09ad8211f7e743ddb86a3afff9055e3e/31E82258070A06C504114C48933407CE.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>利用下列实验来探究<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>气体的制取和性质。<br>A<br>、<br>B<br>、<br>C<br>三套发生装置都可用于实验室制取<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>气体。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/31082C1B54F33491C31E897FC4F9D0C0.png"><br>1.仪器a的名称是。<br>2.实验室制取<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>的化学方程式是______;收集<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>可选用的装置是______(填字母),检验<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>收集满的方法是______。<br>3.利用B装置制取<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>时,反应未停止前关闭止水夹,可观察到的现象是。<br>4.与A装置相比,利用C装置制取<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>的优点是。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6879f3d265a346a5aa795f7c68c68be2/1F5A4A3EB026E7A1FE6A2F85A51B2BC2.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/2db5f136ffea4c12b9dd3bcb58484c68/962637C71A6B04B3B8D1D58BAE5719D4.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>实验室按如图所示装置制取<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>,并检验<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>的性质。试回答以下问题。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/272FB3016A3B28747B78163555A94E2E.png"><br>1.实验开始前,应先检查装置A的。<br>2.用装置A来制取<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>,所用的药品是_______和_______。(填化学式)<br>3.若要用装置B鉴定<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>,在B中应盛放的试剂名称是,当将标①和②的导管口连接时,B中看到的实验现象是。<br>4.若要用装置C证明<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>能与水反应生成碳酸,C中除有少量水外,应加入的试剂是,当将标①和③的导管口连接时,C中看到的实验现象是。<br>5.烧杯D中放有燃着的蜡烛如图所示,当将标①和④的导管口连接时,D中看到的实验现象是。<br>6.继续设计并进行有关<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>性质的探究实验,如装置E、F。先在装置E中放一个用空气充胀的气球,制取一瓶二氧化碳气体倒入E装置后,出现如F装置所示的实验现象。该实验的目的是探究_______。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/98644b7a64fc4380928247a64cd903af/C7F6C4CEEEC6509E11B25CB0C1D3CE4F.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>某兴趣<br>小组同学探究实验室制取二氧化碳的最佳方法。<br>1.小雪同学提出用木炭燃烧的方法制取二氧化碳,你认为该方法________(选填“合适”或“不合适”),理由是_____________。<br>2.实验室现有块状大理石、碳酸钠粉末、稀盐酸、浓盐酸.稀硫酸这五种药品。经过讨论后同学们一致认为浓盐酸不适合实验室制取二氧化碳,原因是__________________。然后小雨同学将等质量的大理石和碳酸钠粉末,分别与足量等浓度的稀盐酸和稀硫酸反应,如图1所示。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/7/D6D6F88840D4DA93D6B46494BA1E4EC5.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/7/37750A81C439D25073BB76296175BCA5.png"><br>(数据与结论)上述反应中,最适合实验室制取二氧化碳的反应是_________(填字母),该反应的化学方程式是________________________。(注意:若答对下列小题奖励3分,化学试卷总分不超过60分。)(实验反思)3.以上四个反应产生的二氧化碳的质量与时间的关系如图2所示,曲线丁对应的是实验__________(填字母),该反应开始有少量气体产生,但很快反应就停止,请解释原因:_______________。4.二氧化碳产生的速率快慢,除了与反应物的种类有关,还与__________________有关。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/4d58299af3b14965954bfed686407019/14371F8E7BF6F53259FD1BAF62C7DDDC.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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