Man vs bacteria 人类对抗细菌
<p>随身英语<span word="Man">Man</span> <span word="vs">vs</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span> 人类对抗细菌</p><p><span word="Play">Play</span> <span word="audio">audio</span> <span word="file">file</span>一项由英国政府委托调研的报告结果显示，如果人们再不行动起来对抗“超级病菌”的话，那么到 2050 年，平均每三秒钟，超级病菌就会夺走一个人的生命。英国医生建议人们减少抗生素的使用。本期内容讨论人类对越来越多的细菌产生抗药性的担忧。</p><p>课文内容 词汇: <span word="medicine">medicine</span> 药物</p><p><span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="England">England</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mild">mild</span> <span word="infection">infection</span>, <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="ask">ask</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="GP">GP</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="recommend">recommend</span> <span word="antibiotics">antibiotics</span>. <span word="He">He</span>'<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="say">say</span> '<span word="no">no</span>' <span word="and">and</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="else">else</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="initiative">initiative</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span> <span word="infections">infections</span> <span word="becoming">becoming</span> <span word="resistant">resistant</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="drugs">drugs</span>.</p><p><span word="Recent">Recent</span> <span word="figures">figures</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="NHS">NHS</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="prescriptions">prescriptions</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="types">types</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="antibiotics">antibiotics</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="by">by</span> 7.3% <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="previous">previous</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="about">about</span> 34 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2017 <span word="and">and</span> 2016, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="authorities">authorities</span>.</p><p><span word="Peter">Peter</span> <span word="Taylor">Taylor</span>, <span word="Professor">Professor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Microbiology">Microbiology</span>, <span word="UCL">UCL</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Pharmacy">Pharmacy</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="antibiotics">antibiotics</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> "<span word="the">the</span> <span word="safest">safest</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="drugs">drugs</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="produced">produced</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="Achilles">Achilles</span> <span word="heel">heel</span> - <span word="every">every</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="antibiotic">antibiotic</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="alters">alters</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="engenders">engenders</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Darwinian">Darwinian</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="selection">selection</span>".</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="substances">substances</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Alexander">Alexander</span> <span word="Fleming">Fleming</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1928 <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="chance">chance</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Scottish">Scottish</span> <span word="bacteriologist">bacteriologist</span> <span word="returned">returned</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="laboratory">laboratory</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="holiday">holiday</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span>-<span word="free">free</span> <span word="circle">circle</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="mould">mould</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Petri">Petri</span> <span word="dish">dish</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="antibiotic">antibiotic</span>: <span word="penicillin">penicillin</span>.</p>
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