Smoking causes DNA changes in our body 吸烟会导致人体内基因变异
<p><span word="Smoking">Smoking</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="body">body</span> 吸烟会导致人体内基因变异 </p><p><span word="Play">Play</span> <span word="audio">audio</span> <span word="file">file</span> 《科学》杂志上发表的一项研究报告显示，吸烟者一生中吸的烟与人体内基因转变的次数有着直接的联系。这些基因转变是永久性的，就算吸烟者成功戒烟，也无法重新将其修复。请听 <span word="BBC">BBC</span> 记者 <span word="Fergus">Fergus</span> <span word="Walsh">Walsh</span> 的报告。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="sequenced">sequenced</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="genome">genome</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="calculate">calculate</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> 20 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="smoker">smoker</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="accumulate">accumulate</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="of">of</span> 150 <span word="mutations">mutations</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="lung">lung</span> <span word="cell">cell</span> - 97 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="larynx">larynx</span> <span word="and">and</span> 23 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mouth">mouth</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="permanent">permanent</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="represents">represents</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="chance">chance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="triggering">triggering</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>. <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="tissues">tissues</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="directly">directly</span> <span word="exposed">exposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="mutations">mutations</span> - 18 <span word="per">per</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bladder">bladder</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="liver">liver</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="joint">joint</span> <span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="Prof">Prof</span> <span word="Sir">Sir</span> <span word="Mike">Mike</span> <span word="Stratton">Stratton</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Wellcome">Wellcome</span> <span word="Trust">Trust</span> <span word="Sanger">Sanger</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mechanisms">mechanisms</span> <span word="triggering">triggering</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span>.</p><p>"<span word="By">By</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="mutational">mutational</span> <span word="signatures">signatures</span>, <span word="these">these</span> <span word="archaeological">archaeological</span> <span word="traces">traces</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="exposures">exposures</span>, <span word="these">these</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="clues">clues</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="agents">agents</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="potentially">potentially</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="prevention">prevention</span>."</p><p><span word="One">One</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="message">message</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="quicker">quicker</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="younger">younger</span> <span word="smokers">smokers</span> <span word="quit">quit</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="mutations">mutations</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="harbouring">harbouring</span>.</p><p>词汇表 <span word="sequenced">sequenced</span> 按次序排列</p><p><span word="genome">genome</span> 基因组，染色体组</p>
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