矫枉过正？美国“抵制文化”盛行，名人怕说错话纷纷噤声
<p>近来，<span word="Cancel">Cancel</span> <span word="Culture">Culture</span>在美国媒体和知识界引起了广泛讨论。</p><p> <span word="Markus">Markus</span> <span word="Winkler">Winkler</span>@<span word="markuswinkler">markuswinkler</span>/<span word="unsplash">unsplash</span></p><p>《哈利波特》作者<span word="J">J</span>.<span word="K">K</span>.罗琳和著名语言学家乔姆斯基等名人联署发表在7月7日《哈泼斯》罗琳等人认为，这种“抵制文化”钳制了他们的言论自由，令许多异见者受到“寒蝉效应”的影响，不敢发声。</p><p>罗琳此前因为疑似有言论冒犯了跨性别群体而遭到许多粉丝脱粉。类似地，歌手<span word="Lana">Lana</span> <span word="Del">Del</span> <span word="Rey">Rey</span><span word="Cancel">Cancel</span>的本意是“取消”，但它被引申为：抵制或封杀。</p><p>在这个公众人物好似商品的时代，对某个人说 “<span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="cancelled">cancelled</span><span word="Urban">Urban</span> <span word="Dictionary">Dictionary</span>在2018年3月就有了相关的释义，表示个体对不认同的人或事取消关注，进行抵制。</p><p><span word="To">To</span> <span word="dismiss">dismiss</span> <span word="something">something</span>/<span word="somebody">somebody</span>. <span word="To">To</span> <span word="reject">reject</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="idea">idea</span>.</p><p>拒绝接受某事/某人。拒绝一个个人或者想法。</p><p>到了2020年2月，<span word="Urban">Urban</span> <span word="Dictionary">Dictionary</span>关于<span word="cancel">cancel</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>的新释义就有了公共性，往往是个人或机构因言论或行为具有冒犯意味<span word="A">A</span> <span word="desire">desire</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cancel">cancel</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="community">community</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="media">media</span> <span word="platforms">platforms</span>.</p><p>一种想要将某人或某个群体开除出社交媒体平台的欲望。</p><p>韦氏词典也给出了比较权威的解释：</p><p><span word="To">To</span> <span word="cancel">cancel</span> <span word="someone">someone</span> (<span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="celebrity">celebrity</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="known">known</span> <span word="figure">figure</span>) <span word="means">means</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="giving">giving</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="person">person</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="act">act</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="canceling">canceling</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="entail">entail</span> <span word="boycotting">boycotting</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="actor">actor</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="movies">movies</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="reading">reading</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="promoting">promoting</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="writer">writer</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="works">works</span>.</p>
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