人民币单位名称及其由来
<p>一、人民币的单位名称</p><p>1、 <span word="Unit">Unit</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span></p><p>我国人民币的单位名称同其他国家一样，也是历史发展的结果。人民币的单位名称“元”、“角”、“分”构成人民币的价格标准，它标明人民币所代表的价值。1948年12月1日发行第一套人民币时，票面金额较大，只发行了主币，没有发行辅币，最小的票面金额为1元，较大的有1000元、5000元、10000元和50000元，12种面额。这是因为当时正处于经济恢复时期。但接着进入第一个五年计划的经济建设阶段，国家的财政经济状况得到根本好转，物价稳定，币值稳定，这就逐步暴露了货币价格标准上的问题：一是货币票面金额大，计价与流通都很不方便；二是仍留有旧中国通货膨胀的残迹，给人民群众以“钱毛”的错觉；三是只有主币，没有辅币，不能完整体现我国货币单位的概念。因此，1955年3月1日起发行了第二套人民币，同时发行了辅币。第一套人民币与第二套人民币的兑换比价是1：10000，这就是人民币价格标准的改革。这种改革，从货币所代表的价值来说没有变化，并不是人民币的贬值，而是把票面金额降低了，商品价格也随着降低了，是在人民币所代表的价值上抹掉了四个“0”而已。以后两套人民币的价格标准均未改革。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="unit">unit</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="historical">historical</span> <span word="development">development</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="unit">unit</span> <span word="names">names</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span> "<span word="Yuan">Yuan</span>", "<span word="Jiao">Jiao</span>" <span word="and">and</span> "<span word="Fen">Fen</span>" <span word="constitute">constitute</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span>, <span word="indicating">indicating</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="represented">represented</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="issued">issued</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="December">December</span> 1, 1948, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="relatively">relatively</span> <span word="large">large</span>, <span word="only">only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="currency">currency</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="issued">issued</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="auxiliary">auxiliary</span> <span word="currency">currency</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="issued">issued</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="minimum">minimum</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="was">was</span> 1 <span word="yuan">yuan</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="was">was</span> 1000 <span word="yuan">yuan</span>, 5000 <span word="yuan">yuan</span>, 10000 <span word="yuan">yuan</span> <span word="and">and</span> 50000 <span word="yuan">yuan</span>, <span word="with">with</span> 12 <span word="face">face</span> <span word="values">values</span>. <span word="That">That</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="recovering">recovering</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="entered">entered</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="Five">Five</span>-<span word="Year">Year</span> <span word="Plan">Plan</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="construction">construction</span> <span word="stage">stage</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="state">state</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="financial">financial</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="situation">situation</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="fundamentally">fundamentally</span> <span word="improved">improved</span>, <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="stable">stable</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="currency">currency</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="stable">stable</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="gradually">gradually</span> <span word="exposed">exposed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="currency">currency</span>: <span word="first">first</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="currency">currency</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="large">large</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pricing">pricing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="circulation">circulation</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="inconvenient">inconvenient</span>; <span word="second">second</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="traces">traces</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="inflation">inflation</span>, <span word="giving">giving</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="illusion">illusion</span> <span word="of">of</span> "<span word="money">money</span> <span word="Mao">Mao</span>"; <span word="third">third</span> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="currency">currency</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="secondary">secondary</span> <span word="currency">currency</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="fully">fully</span> <span word="reflect">reflect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="concept">concept</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="monetary">monetary</span> <span word="unit">unit</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="result">result</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="issued">issued</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="March">March</span> 1, 1955, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="secondary">secondary</span> <span word="currency">currency</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="issued">issued</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="exchange">exchange</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span> <span word="is">is</span> 1:10000, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reform">reform</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="standard">standard</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="reform">reform</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="represented">represented</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="currency">currency</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="devaluation">devaluation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reduction">reduction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="par">par</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="decrease">decrease</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="commodity">commodity</span> <span word="price">price</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="erasure">erasure</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="four">four</span> "<span word="zeros">zeros</span>" <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="represented">represented</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="sets">sets</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="RMB">RMB</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="reformed">reformed</span>.</p>
页:
[1]