海南临高方言趣谈
<p>海南省的西北部，有一个仅有面积1317平方公里、40万人口的小县叫临高县，全县通讲一种方言“临高话”，这种语言比较独特，至今语言专家也没弄清是从属何种语系。</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="northwest">northwest</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Hainan">Hainan</span> <span word="Province">Province</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="county">county</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1317 <span word="square">square</span> <span word="kilometers">kilometers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="of">of</span> 400000 <span word="called">called</span> <span word="Lingao">Lingao</span> <span word="County">County</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="county">county</span> <span word="speaks">speaks</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dialect">dialect</span> "<span word="Lingao">Lingao</span> <span word="dialect">dialect</span>", <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="unique">unique</span>. <span word="Up">Up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="now">now</span>, <span word="language">language</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="figured">figured</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="belongs">belongs</span> <span word="to">to</span>.</p><p>临高方言只有口头语，没有反映本语言的文字。长期以来，一直使用汉字。用临高方言读书（汉文字），语音跟普通话差不多，懂普通话的人一般都能听懂，如普通话的“你去哪里”，临高方言改为“<span word="nikinali">nikinali</span>”，所以外地到临高工作的同志说，临高话一半是本地话，一半是普通话。</p><p><span word="Lingao">Lingao</span> <span word="dialect">dialect</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="oral">oral</span> <span word="language">language</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="reflect">reflect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="language">language</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="characters">characters</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="used">used</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="reading">reading</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Lingao">Lingao</span> <span word="dialect">dialect</span> (<span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="characters">characters</span>), <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pronunciation">pronunciation</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Putonghua">Putonghua</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="Putonghua">Putonghua</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, "<span word="where">where</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="going">going</span>" <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Putonghua">Putonghua</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Lingao">Lingao</span> <span word="dialect">dialect</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="to">to</span> "<span word="nikinali">nikinali</span>". <span word="Therefore">Therefore</span>, <span word="comrades">comrades</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Lingao">Lingao</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Lingao">Lingao</span> <span word="dialect">dialect</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="local">local</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Putonghua">Putonghua</span>.</p><p>从语法结构看，一般把形容词、副词置于名词、动词之后，构成倒装的语法形式。主要是定语与中心词倒装。</p>
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