桂林春节习俗
<p>从“小年夜”到除夕</p><p><span word="From">From</span> "<span word="little">little</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="year">year</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Eve">Eve</span>" <span word="to">to</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="year">year</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Eve">Eve</span></p><p>春节踏着农历12月24日零时的钟声，走入桂林的城乡。这天是桂林人的“小年夜”，也就是“过小年”。过小年这天，人们宰狗、杀鸭，庆贺春节来临。这天的爆竹声，带着人们送灶王爷“上天言好事”的心愿噼哩啪啦地炸响，声传高宇。人们认为灶神是一家之主，一家的善恶功过祸福都由它掌管，所以每年将尽，都要送灶神上天向玉帝奏明，为全家降福免灾。祭灶的仪式多由家里的长辈去办，他们将糖果放在灶头祭祀灶神，祈求灶神“上天言好事，下凡降吉祥”。用糖果祭灶神，目的是让糖“粘住”灶神的嘴巴，让他甜甜的嘴巴尽说好话。除夕夜幕降临后，再放爆竹接灶王爷下凡。这是桂林“过小年”的古俗，现在即便是鸣放鞭炮，也仅是古俗遗存的仪式罢了。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Spring">Spring</span> <span word="Festival">Festival</span> <span word="steps">steps</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="urban">urban</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Guilin">Guilin</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chime">chime</span> <span word="of">of</span> 0:00 <span word="on">on</span> <span word="December">December</span> 24 <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lunar">lunar</span> <span word="calendar">calendar</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Guilin">Guilin</span> <span word="people">people</span>'<span word="s">s</span> "<span word="small">small</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="Year">Year</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Eve">Eve</span>", <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span>, "<span word="Celebrating">Celebrating</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="year">year</span>". <span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="year">year</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="day">day</span>, <span word="people">people</span> <span word="slaughter">slaughter</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ducks">ducks</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="celebrate">celebrate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Spring">Spring</span> <span word="Festival">Festival</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="day">day</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="firecracker">firecracker</span> <span word="sound">sound</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="send">send</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="Lord">Lord</span> "<span word="Heaven">Heaven</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="things">things</span>" <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="crackle">crackle</span> <span word="crackled">crackled</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="spread">spread</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Gao">Gao</span> <span word="Yu">Yu</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="god">god</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="head">head</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="family">family</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="evil">evil</span> <span word="deeds">deeds</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="blessings">blessings</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="family">family</span>. <span word="Therefore">Therefore</span>, <span word="every">every</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="god">god</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="heaven">heaven</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jade">jade</span> <span word="emperor">emperor</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blessings">blessings</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="disasters">disasters</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="family">family</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="ceremony">ceremony</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="offering">offering</span> <span word="sacrifices">sacrifices</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="stove">stove</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="held">held</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="elders">elders</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="family">family</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="candy">candy</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="stove">stove</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="sacrifices">sacrifices</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="god">god</span>, <span word="praying">praying</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="god">god</span> <span word="would">would</span> "<span word="say">say</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="heaven">heaven</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="descend">descend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="luck">luck</span>". <span word="The">The</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="offering">offering</span> <span word="sacrifices">sacrifices</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="god">god</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="candy">candy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sugar">sugar</span> "<span word="stick">stick</span>" <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="god">god</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="mouth">mouth</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="sweet">sweet</span> <span word="mouth">mouth</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="well">well</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="falls">falls</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="Year">Year</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Eve">Eve</span>, <span word="firecrackers">firecrackers</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="catch">catch</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kitchen">kitchen</span> <span word="god">god</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="custom">custom</span> <span word="of">of</span> "<span word="passing">passing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="year">year</span>" <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Guilin">Guilin</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="firecrackers">firecrackers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="custom">custom</span>.</p>
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