And 的一些特殊用法和汉译（通讯员供稿）
<p><span word="And">And</span>是一个常用的并列连词。其一般的用法和译法，已有不少文章论及。本文仅就<span word="and">and</span>的一些特殊用法作一简单介绍。 一、<span word="And">And</span>前后的两部分表示同时发生的动作，或同时存在的属性、特征等可译为"又……又……"、"既……又……"、"一方面……，一方面……"、"而"等。例如：</p><p>1. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="oxidation">oxidation</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="gives">gives</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="heat">heat</span> <span word="slowly">slowly</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="regularly">regularly</span>.</p><p>人体内的氧化过程缓慢而又有规则地放出热量。</p><p>2. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="acted">acted</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="motionless">motionless</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="equilibrium">equilibrium</span>.</p><p>如果一个物体受到几个力的作用而仍然保持静止，那么该物体处于平衡状态。</p><p><span word="And">And</span>前后的两部分，有时表示不能同时并存的事物或动作。这时<span word="and">and</span>宜译为"或"。例如：</p><p>3. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="equipment">equipment</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="assembled">assembled</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dismantled">dismantled</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hours">hours</span>.</p><p>整套设备可以在几小时内安装或拆卸完毕。 二、有时<span word="and">and</span>前面的部分表示原因或条件，后面的部分表示结果 <span word="and">and</span>=<span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span>, 译为"因此"、"所以"、"从而"等。例如：</p><p>1. <span word="Sound">Sound</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="carried">carried</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="air">air</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="sound">sound</span>.</p><p>声音靠空气传播，因此没有空气也就没有声音。</p><p>2. <span word="After">After</span> <span word="firing">firing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="torpedoes">torpedoes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forward">forward</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="lose">lose</span> <span word="weight">weight</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="submarine">submarine</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="balance">balance</span>.</p><p>鱼雷发射后，潜艇前部的重量会减少，因此它就会失去平衡。</p>
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