2016届高考英语一轮复习课件：第二部分 语法专项专练专题五 名词和冠词(北师大版)
<p> (2)用于单数可数名词前表示“一、每一、某一”等意思。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="tiger">tiger</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="legs">legs</span>. (3)用于某些抽象名词前，使其具体化。 <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="today">today</span>. 2．定冠词的用法 (1)特指上文提及的或读者清楚的或受定语修饰的人或物。 <span word="Where">Where</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="talked">talked</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>? (2)用于单数可数名词前，表示整个类属。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="tiger">tiger</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="becoming">becoming</span> <span word="extinct">extinct</span>. (3)与某些形容词连用表示一类人或物。如： <span word="the">the</span> <span word="disabled">disabled</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="old">old</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="valuable">valuable</span>等。 (4)表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：<span word="the">the</span> <span word="moon">moon</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="sun">sun</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="universe">universe</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="sky">sky</span>等。 【悟一悟→参透误区】 当这些名词前有修饰语时，则要用不定冠词。如： <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bright">bright</span> <span word="moon">moon</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="world">world</span>。 (5)用于表示江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛、国家、党派、组织等专有名词或由普通名词构成的专用名词前。如： <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="Ocean">Ocean</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Himalayas">Himalayas</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Philippines">Philippines</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="Wall">Wall</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="WTO">WTO</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Friendship">Friendship</span> <span word="Store">Store</span>等。 (6)用于表示方位的名词前。如： <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="east">east</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="northwest">northwest</span>。 (7)在序数词和最高级前。如： <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span>。 【悟一悟→参透误区】 当序数词不表示顺序而表示某一次时，用不定冠词修饰。如：<span word="a">a</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="time">time</span>，意为“再一次；又一次”。 (8)在乐器名词前、表示姓氏的复数名词前及构成 “……年代”。如： <span word="play">play</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="violin">violin</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Johnsons">Johnsons</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1940<span word="s">s</span>。 (9)在中国的含有“<span word="festival">festival</span>”的节日前。如： <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Spring">Spring</span> <span word="Festival">Festival</span>等。 (10)用在固定搭配中。如： <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dozen">dozen</span>，<span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hour">hour</span>，<span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="distance">distance</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="morning">morning</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="direction">direction</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span>，<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="day">day</span>，<span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="truth">truth</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span>，<span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span>，<span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cinema">cinema</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="air">air</span>，<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="radio">radio</span>等。 3．不用冠词的情况 (1)专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。如： <span word="China">China</span>，<span word="America">America</span>，<span word="Smith">Smith</span>。 (2)作表语、补语和同位语，在表示职位或头衔的名词前。 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="elected">elected</span> <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="monitor">monitor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="class">class</span>. (3)在表示季节、月份、日期、节日、星期的名词前(但在中国的传统节日前一定要有<span word="the">the</span>)。 <span word="March">March</span> 8 <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Women">Women</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Day">Day</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="June">June</span> 1<span word="st">st</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Children">Children</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Day">Day</span>. (4)一日三餐、球类活动前。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="breakfast">breakfast</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lunch">lunch</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="school">school</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="basketball">basketball</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="school">school</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="running">running</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="campus">campus</span>. 4．常用的固定词组辨析 <span word="at">at</span> <span word="table">table</span>就餐<span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="table">table</span>在桌子旁 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hospital">hospital</span>住院</p>
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