【3年高考2年模拟】2016届高三英语一轮复习课件 语法专练一 动词的时态和语态
<p> 不表明计划是否被执行,或表示“命运(即命中注定要发生的事)”,而非计 划;<span word="was">was</span>/<span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.表示未曾实现的计划。如: <span word="I">I</span> <span word="felt">felt</span> <span word="nervous">nervous</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span>.我感到很紧 张,因为我很快就要首次离开家了。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="goodbye">goodbye</span>,<span word="little">little</span> <span word="knowing">knowing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="again">again</span>.他们告 别了,不知道以后再也不会见面了。 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="you">you</span>,<span word="but">but</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="in">in</span>. 我们本来想告诉你的,但是你不在家。 (2)表示“应该”,相当于<span word="should">should</span>/<span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span>+动词原形。如: <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="police">police</span>.你应该报警。 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="done">done</span>?应该怎么办呢? (3)表示“想,打算”,相当于<span word="intend">intend</span>/<span word="want">want</span>+<span word="to">to</span>+动词原形。如: <span word="If">If</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="ten">ten</span>,<span word="we">we</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="now">now</span>. 如果我们要在10点前到,我们现在就得走。 (4)用于第一人称疑问句,表示征求对方意见。如: <span word="Am">Am</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span>?我要继续完成这项工作吗? <span word="What">What</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="next">next</span>?我们下一步该怎么办? (5)用于否定句,表示“禁止”,相当于<span word="mustn">mustn</span>’<span word="t">t</span>。如: <span word="The">The</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="outside">outside</span>. 这个房间里的书不得带出去。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reading">reading</span> <span word="room">room</span>. 你不可以在阅览室里吸烟。 (6)表示“可以,可能”,相当于<span word="may">may</span>/<span word="can">can</span>+动词原形。如: <span word="The">The</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="evening">evening</span> <span word="paper">paper</span>. 这条消息可以在晚报上看到。 <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="everywhere">everywhere</span>.这种人到处都有。 <span word="She">She</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nowhere">nowhere</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="found">found</span>.在哪里也找不到她。 (7)<span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.用于<span word="if">if</span>或<span word="even">even</span> <span word="if">if</span>/<span word="even">even</span> <span word="though">though</span>从句中,表示对未来的假设。 如: <span word="If">If</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="admired">admired</span> <span word="him">him</span>,<span word="would">would</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="me">me</span>? 要是我告诉你我羡慕他,你会相信吗? <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sun">sun</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rise">rise</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="west">west</span>,<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>.即使太 阳从西边出来,我也决不做这种事。 二、进行体 (一)一个长动作作为背景,被一个短动作打断,长动作往往用进行体,短动作 用一般体。如: <span word="My">My</span> <span word="brother">brother</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="riding">riding</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="bicycle">bicycle</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span> <span word="himself">himself</span>. 我弟弟骑自行车时摔倒了,伤了自己。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="busily">busily</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="Miss">Miss</span> <span word="Brown">Brown</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span>. 同学们在忙着写作,这时布朗老师去取她忘在办公室的一本书。 <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="slipped">slipped</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="looking">looking</span>. 当没人注意的时候,汤姆溜进了房子。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="reporter">reporter</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="UFO">UFO</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="traveling">traveling</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="west">west</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 那位记者说,当他看到那个不明飞行物时,它正在自东向西飞行。 (二)表示动作的未完性、暂时性。如: —<span word="Have">Have</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="moved">moved</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="house">house</span>? —<span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="yet">yet</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="rooms">rooms</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="painted">painted</span>. ——你搬进新房了吗? ——还没呢。房间还正在粉刷呢。(未完性) <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="here">here</span>;<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="helping">helping</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="secretary">secretary</span> <span word="arrives">arrives</span>. 我不在这上班,我只是来帮忙,直到新秘书来了(我就走)。(暂时性) <span word="Selecting">Selecting</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mobile">mobile</span> <span word="phone">phone</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="task">task</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="changing">changing</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="rapidly">rapidly</span>. 选手机供个人使用不是一件容易事,因为技术变化太快。(“变化”尚未完 成) (三)表示计划、安排要做的事。如: <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="holiday">holiday</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Florida">Florida</span>.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="Mum">Mum</span>. 我获得了一次去佛罗里达度假两天的机会。我计划带着我妈妈去。(计划) (四)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。如: <span word="I">I</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="Lily">Lily</span> 3 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>.<span word="She">She</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span> <span word="shop">shop</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span>. 3年前我第一次遇到了莉莉,当时她正在一家服装店工作。 —<span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="coat">coat</span> <span word="yours">yours</span>? —<span word="No">No</span>,<span word="mine">mine</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hanging">hanging</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="door">door</span>. ——这是你的外套吗? ——不是,我的在门后挂着呢。 (五)表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作,往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等感情, 常与<span word="always">always</span>,<span word="continually">continually</span>,<span word="constantly">constantly</span>连用。如: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="first">first</span>.他总是先想到他人。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="mistake">mistake</span>.他总是犯同样的错误。 (六)瞬间动词的进行体可以表示将来。(见一般将来时的用法部分) 三、完成体 (一)现在完成时 1.一个动作开始于过去,持续到现在(也许还将持续下去)。表示从过去延续 到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间的状语有:<span word="lately">lately</span>,<span word="recently">recently</span>,<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span>(<span word="past">past</span>) <span word="few">few</span> <span word="days">days</span>(<span word="years">years</span>)(在过去的这几天/年里),<span word="since">since</span> <span word="then">then</span>,<span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="now">now</span>,<span word="so">so</span> <span word="far">far</span>(至今) 等。如: <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="years">years</span>,<span word="great">great</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="hometown">hometown</span>. 在过去的几年里,我的家乡发生了巨大变化。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="written">written</span> 8 <span word="books">books</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="far">far</span>. 到现在为止,他已经写了8本书。</p>
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