2017届高考英语一轮语法专题复习学案：第1部分 专题2 非谓语动词（新人教版）
<p> 1．非谓语动词作状语</p><p> (1)不定式作状语</p><p> ①表示目的</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="stopped">stopped</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="break">break</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="feeling">feeling</span> <span word="tired">tired</span>.</p><p> ②不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，动词不定式前常加<span word="only">only</span>。</p><p> <span word="George">George</span> <span word="returned">returned</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="war">war</span>，<span word="only">only</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wife">wife</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="him">him</span>.</p><p> (2)现在分词作状语</p><p> ①一般式<span word="doing">doing</span></p><p> 表示动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，与句子的主语是主动关系。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="sun">sun</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rise">rise</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sky">sky</span>，<span word="bathing">bathing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mountain">mountain</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="golden">golden</span> <span word="light">light</span>.</p><p> ②完成式<span word="having">having</span> <span word="done">done</span></p><p> 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="day">day</span>，<span word="having">having</span> <span word="caught">caught</span> <span word="the">the</span> 7：30 <span word="train">train</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Paddington">Paddington</span>.</p><p> ③被动式<span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="done">done</span></p><p> 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，与句子的主语是被动关系。</p><p> <span word="Having">Having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="overtime">overtime</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="missed">missed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wonderful">wonderful</span> <span word="film">film</span>.(被动意义，非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前)</p><p> (3)过去分词作状语</p><p> 过去分词作状语时，与句子主语之间是被动关系。</p><p> <span word="Seen">Seen</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mountain">mountain</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="beautiful">beautiful</span>.(被动关系)</p><p> <span word="Seeing">Seeing</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hill">hill</span>，<span word="we">we</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="park">park</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="beautiful">beautiful</span>.(主动关系)</p>
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