2016届高考英语二轮题型专题方略课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第3讲 语法专题 8 名词性从句（通用版）
<p> Ⅱ.单句改错 1．(2015·江苏南京市一模改编)<span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="position">position</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="slightest">slightest</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="accept">accept</span></p><p> <span word="it">it</span>. _____________________________________________________ 解析：句意：我们给他提供了这个职位，但是我一点儿都不知道他是否会接受这个职位。<span word="he">he</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="accept">accept</span> <span word="it">it</span>为同位语从句，用以说明<span word="idea">idea</span>的内容。<span word="if">if</span>也可表示“是否”但一般不引导同位语从句。故改为<span word="whether">whether</span>。 <span word="if">if</span>—<span word="whether">whether</span> 2．<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="strangers">strangers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="elderly">elderly</span> <span word="person">person</span>. _____________________________________________________ 解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，<span word="view">view</span>后的句子不缺少成分且句意完整，故选<span word="that">that</span>，引导同位语从句，作<span word="view">view</span>的同位语。 <span word="why">why</span> —<span word="that">that</span> 栏目导引 高频考 点突破 专题针 对训练 课堂达 标训练 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 八、名词性从句 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 [命题分析] 名词性从句是高考的必考点，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。语法填空题和短文改错题对名词性从句的考查集中在引导词上，其中连接代词<span word="that">that</span>与<span word="what">what</span>，<span word="if">if</span>与<span word="whether">whether</span>是考查的重点。解决名词性从句的问题的关键是：一、通过从句的位置，辨别从句的类型；二、分析从句，看看从句中所缺少的句子成分和句意，最终确定选用合适的连接词。 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 主 语 从 句 1．主语从句的引导词。 连接词 连接代词 连接副词 <span word="that">that</span>，<span word="whether">whether</span>，<span word="if">if</span> 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分。 <span word="what">what</span>，<span word="who">who</span>，<span word="whom">whom</span>，<span word="which">which</span>，<span word="whichever">whichever</span>，<span word="whatever">whatever</span>，<span word="whoever">whoever</span> 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 <span word="when">when</span>，<span word="where">where</span>，<span word="how">how</span>，<span word="why">why</span> 在从句中作状语。 ♦(2015·高考北京卷) <span word="How">How</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="feel">feel</span>. 我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。 ♦(2017·高考陕西卷)<span word="When">When</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="delayed">delayed</span> <span word="flight">flight</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="depends">depends</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weather">weather</span>.那架延误的班机什么时候会起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。 ♦(2017·高考北京卷)<span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="whatever">whatever</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="happening">happening</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="repeat">repeat</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span>.一些人认为，无论是以前发生过的还是现在正在发生的事情，在将来都会再次发生。 易错警示 (1)<span word="that">that</span>引导主语从句时一般不省略。 (2)当主语从句位于句首时，常用<span word="whether">whether</span>引导，而不用<span word="if">if</span>。 2．形式主语。 <span word="it">it</span>作形式主语的常见的句型： (1)<span word="It">It</span>＋<span word="be">be</span>＋形容词(<span word="necessary">necessary</span>/<span word="likely">likely</span>/<span word="important">important</span>/<span word="certain">certain</span>等)＋<span word="that">that</span>从句 (2)<span word="It">It</span>＋ <span word="be">be</span>＋名词(短语)(<span word="a">a</span> <span word="pity">pity</span>/<span word="a">a</span> <span word="shame">shame</span>/<span word="no">no</span> <span word="wonder">wonder</span>等)＋<span word="that">that</span>从句 (3)<span word="It">It</span>＋ <span word="be">be</span>＋过去分词(<span word="said">said</span>/<span word="told">told</span>/<span word="reported">reported</span>等)＋<span word="that">that</span>从句 (4)<span word="It">It</span>＋不及物动词(<span word="seem">seem</span>，<span word="appear">appear</span>，<span word="happen">happen</span>，<span word="matter">matter</span>等) ＋<span word="that">that</span>从句 ♦ <span word="It">It</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newly">newly</span> <span word="formed">formed</span> <span word="committee">committee</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="practice">practice</span>.这个新形成的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。 ♦ <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="uncertain">uncertain</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="side">side</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="about">about</span>，<span word="although">although</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="thousand">thousand</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="it">it</span>.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。 ♦ <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="shame">shame</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="customer">customer</span>.真遗憾我们失去了一位如此重要的客户。 易错警示 当<span word="it">it</span>作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用<span word="if">if</span>或<span word="whether">whether</span>引导均可，但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接<span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span>时，只能用<span word="whether">whether</span>。 [即时训练]</p>
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