修辞与翻译
<p>合理运用修辞可使语言层次更丰富，语言表达更生动。因此，一篇引人入胜的文章或一部优秀的文学作品必然恰当合理地使用修辞。能否处理好修辞，关系到翻译能否再现原作风貌。虽然两种语言中的修辞，存在很多交叉，但也存在很多不同，并不是所有修辞都可一一对应，修辞也分可译、难译和不能译。</p><p>一、明喻（<span word="Simile">Simile</span>）</p><p>明喻在汉英修辞中十分对等，在本体和喻体之间都存在明显的喻词。汉语中一般为“像”、“好像”、“仿佛”、“像......一样”、“似”、“比如”等；英语中常见“<span word="like">like</span>”,“<span word="as">as</span>”，“<span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span>”，“<span word="as">as</span> <span word="though">though</span>”，“<span word="as">as</span>......<span word="as">as</span>......”等。翻译时，多为直译。</p><p>例1、<span word="to">to</span> <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="water">water</span> 挥金如土</p><p><span word="He">He</span> <span word="drove">drove</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="possessed">possessed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="devil">devil</span>. 他着魔似地驾车狂奔。</p><p>解析：原文中若有明显的喻词，应将其翻出。</p><p>例2、<span word="as">as</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rock">rock</span> 坚如磬石</p><p><span word="as">as</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="feather">feather</span> 轻如鸿毛</p><p><span word="as">as</span> <span word="busy">busy</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bee">bee</span> 像蜜蜂一样忙碌</p><p><span word="as">as</span> <span word="bold">bold</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tiger">tiger</span> 像老虎一样勇猛</p><p>解析：英语中明喻句型“<span word="as">as</span>......<span word="as">as</span>......”大多可以直译，有些用法如例句所示，甚至可汉语中的说法完全一致。但有些用法，采用了双关，就不能直译，否则便会贻笑大方。</p><p><span word="as">as</span> <span word="cool">cool</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cucumber">cucumber</span> 非常冷静</p>
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