2017届高考英语一轮复习语法专题课件：第1部分 词法篇 动词 专题2 非谓语动词（外研版）
<p> * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2.现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果或伴随，且与句子主语构成逻辑上的主动关系；现在分词作定语表示动作的主动进行行为或正在进行中；动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作；此外，应熟记能用动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语。 3.过去分词可作状语、定语或补语，表示被动与完成；若作表语常考的为形容词性化的过去分词；过去分词不可作主语或宾语。 4.其次，还可以从分析句子成分角度，确定所填非谓语动词的形式： (1)作主语，<span word="v">v</span>.<span word="ing">ing</span>形式与不定式一般可以互换，意义无多大区别；但在疑问句和句型“<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span>＋主语”中，主语需用动名词而不用不定式。 (2)作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。 (3)作伴随状语，通常用分词：与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词；与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词。 (4)作宾语，通常用动名词或不定式，介词后面要用动名词。 (5)作定语：不定式表将来；现在分词表进行；过去分词表被动与完成。 (6)作宾语补足语：不定式表动作全过程；现在分词表主动或进行；过去分词表被动或完成。 (7)独立主格和<span word="with">with</span>复合结构的非谓语动词要考虑与复合宾语的逻辑关系。 ◆非谓语动词与短文改错 高考短文改错中，句中出现多个谓语动词且无连词的错误；非谓语动词形式错误，如本该用不定式或动名词却用了原形；在介词或某些动词后本应接动名词的却用了原形，本该用现在分词的却用了过去分词等。另外，不定式符号<span word="to">to</span>的多用或少用也常考。 典题试做2 单句改错(每小题1处错误) 1.<span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="month">month</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="share">share</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="experiencing">experiencing</span>.(2015·四川) 解析 <span word="want">want</span>后跟带<span word="to">to</span>的不定式作宾语。 答案 <span word="want">want</span>后加<span word="to">to</span> 解析答案 2.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="felt">felt</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="dreaming">dreaming</span>.(2015·浙江) 解析 <span word="make">make</span>后跟复合宾语，当宾补为动词且与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系时，用动词原形。 答案 <span word="felt">felt</span>→<span word="feel">feel</span> 解析答案 3.<span word="We">We</span>’<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="spending">spending</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="sing">sing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="karaoke">karaoke</span> <span word="bars">bars</span>.(2015·四川) 解析 <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span> (<span word="in">in</span>) <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.花费时间做某事。 答案 <span word="sing">sing</span>→<span word="singing">singing</span> 4.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="enjoyed">enjoyed</span> <span word="sit">sit</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="windows">windows</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="view">view</span>.(2015·浙江) 解析 动词<span word="enjoy">enjoy</span>后要接动名词作宾语。 答案 <span word="sit">sit</span>→<span word="sitting">sitting</span> 解析答案 5.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="retire">retire</span> <span word="again">again</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="biscuits">biscuits</span>.(2015·陕西) 解析 用动词不定式表示目的。 答案 <span word="just">just</span>后加<span word="to">to</span></p>
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