2016届高考英语二轮语法专项课件：连词和状语从句（新人教版）
<p> 连词和状语从句 一、连词 1．并列连词 (1)表示联合关系的并列连词：<span word="and">and</span>(和)，<span word="both">both</span>...<span word="and">and</span>...(既……又……)，<span word="neither">neither</span>...<span word="nor">nor</span> (既不……也不……)。 <span word="Neither">Neither</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="film">film</span>. (2)表示转折关系的并列连词：<span word="but">but</span>，<span word="while">while</span>(而，然而)，<span word="whereas">whereas</span>(而)，<span word="nevertheless">nevertheless</span>。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="short">short</span>，<span word="while">while</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="brother">brother</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="tall">tall</span>. (3)表示选择关系的并列连词：<span word="or">or</span>(或)，<span word="or">or</span> <span word="else">else</span>(否则)，<span word="otherwise">otherwise</span>(要不然)，<span word="either">either</span>...<span word="or">or</span>...(或……或……)。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="fishing">fishing</span>. (4)表示因果关系的并列连词：<span word="so">so</span>(所以)，<span word="for">for</span>(因为)。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="morning">morning</span>，<span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="birds">birds</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="singing">singing</span>.</p><p> 注意：<span word="then">then</span>(那么，因而)，<span word="thus">thus</span>(因而)，<span word="therefore">therefore</span>(因此，所以)等副词常可放在句首表示因果关系。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="busy">busy</span>，<span word="therefore">therefore</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="come">come</span>. 2．从属连词 (1)引导名词性从句的从属连词 引导名词性从句的从属连词有连接词<span word="that">that</span>，<span word="whether">whether</span>和<span word="if">if</span>，这些连接词在句中不充当任何句子成分；连接代词主要有：<span word="who">who</span>，<span word="whom">whom</span>，<span word="whose">whose</span>，<span word="which">which</span>，<span word="what">what</span>等，它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等；连接副词主要有：<span word="when">when</span>，<span word="where">where</span>，<span word="how">how</span>，<span word="why">why</span>等，它们在句中可作状语。 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="know">know</span> (<span word="that">that</span>) <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span> <span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="round">round</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sun">sun</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="That">That</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span>.</p><p> (2)引导状语从句的从属连词 在句中作状语的从句叫状语从句，也叫副词性从句。它修饰谓语、非谓语动词、状语或整个句子。状语从句由从属连词引导，可表示时间、地点、条件、原因、结果、目的、让步、比较、方式等。 二、状语从句 1．时间状语从句 (1)<span word="before">before</span>引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型： <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="before">before</span>...(过了好久才……) <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="before">before</span>...(过了不久就……) 2．原因状语从句 在表示原因时，<span word="because">because</span>语气最重，其次是<span word="as">as</span>，<span word="since">since</span>，<span word="now">now</span> <span word="that">that</span>，故在回答<span word="why">why</span>问句或者在强调句对原因进行强调时，只能用<span word="because">because</span>。<span word="for">for</span>是并列连词，表示推测的理由或者进一步说明，不能放在句首，<span word="for">for</span>前要用逗号。 —<span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="absent">absent</span>? —<span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>. 3．目的状语从句 (1)<span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span>/<span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="that">that</span>引导的目的状语从句中的谓语动词多用<span word="can">can</span>/<span word="could">could</span>/<span word="may">may</span>/<span word="might">might</span>/<span word="will">will</span>/<span word="would">would</span>＋动词。 <span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>. (2)<span word="for">for</span> <span word="fear">fear</span> <span word="that">that</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="case">case</span>，<span word="lest">lest</span>表示“以防，免得”。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="fear">fear</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="fail">fail</span>. 4．条件状语从句 (1)<span word="providing">providing</span>/<span word="provided">provided</span> (<span word="that">that</span>)假如，假若 <span word="Providing">Providing</span> (<span word="that">that</span>) <span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="further">further</span> <span word="questions">questions</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="over">over</span>. (2)<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="understanding">understanding</span> <span word="that">that</span>＝<span word="on">on</span> <span word="condition">condition</span> <span word="that">that</span>在……条件下 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="understanding">understanding</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="finish">finish</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="homework">homework</span>. 5．结果状语从句 注意<span word="such">such</span>引导的结果状语从句与定语从句的区别。 试比较： <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span>. 6．目的状语从句与结果状语从句的区别 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="that">that</span>可放在句首，只能引导目的状语从句；<span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span>引导目的或结果状语从句，不能放在句首。 试比较： <span word="He">He</span> <span word="spoke">spoke</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="slowly">slowly</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="him">him</span>.(结果状语从句)＝<span word="He">He</span> <span word="spoke">spoke</span> <span word="slowly">slowly</span>，<span word="so">so</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="him">him</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="spoke">spoke</span> <span word="slowly">slowly</span> <span word="so">so</span> (<span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span>) <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="him">him</span>.(目的状语从句) 7．让步状语从句 (1)<span word="as">as</span>引导让步状语从句，作“尽管”解，用倒装句，语序为：状语/宾语/表语/动词原形＋<span word="as">as</span>＋主语＋谓语……。如果句首是单数可数名词作表语，名词前无冠词。 <span word="Clever">Clever</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span>，<span word="you">you</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="that">that</span>. <span word="Clever">Clever</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="solve">solve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>. (2)<span word="since">since</span>后面所用动词不同，该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。</p>
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