2017届高考英语一轮复习语法精练课件：专题5 时态与语态
<p> ③有些不及物动词和短语动词，如<span word="break">break</span> <span word="out">out</span>，<span word="add">add</span> <span word="up">up</span>，<span word="happen">happen</span>，<span word="occur">occur</span>，<span word="spread">spread</span>，<span word="take">take</span> <span word="place">place</span>，<span word="belong">belong</span> <span word="to">to</span>等本身就含有汉语译文中所表达的被动意义。 <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="hometown">hometown</span> <span word="since">since</span> 1978. 1978年以来我们家乡发生了巨大变化。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Second">Second</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="War">War</span> <span word="broke">broke</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="September">September</span> 1939. 1939年9月爆发了第二次世界大战。 ④某些动词(短语)和句型中：<span word="need">need</span>/<span word="want">want</span>/<span word="require">require</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.，<span word="be">be</span> <span word="worth">worth</span> <span word="doing">doing</span>，<span word="be">be</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blame">blame</span>等。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="requires">requires</span>/<span word="wants">wants</span>/<span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="repairing">repairing</span>. 电脑需要修理了。 (3)被动结构表示主动含义。 <span word="get">get</span> <span word="married">married</span>结婚；<span word="be">be</span> <span word="addicted">addicted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.沉溺于；<span word="be">be</span> <span word="seated">seated</span>坐着；<span word="be">be</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="thought">thought</span>沉思着；<span word="be">be</span> <span word="devoted">devoted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.投身于，专注于；<span word="be">be</span></p><p> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.对某事物感兴趣；<span word="be">be</span> <span word="surprised">surprised</span>感到吃惊。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="month">month</span>. 他们上个月结婚了。 <span word="All">All</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span>.他们都对英语感兴趣。</p><p> 2．常用被动语态的5个固定句型。 (1)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="believed">believed</span>/<span word="said">said</span>/<span word="reported">reported</span>/<span word="hoped">hoped</span>/<span word="supposed">supposed</span> <span word="that">that</span>... 据信/据说/据报道/人们希望/人们认为…… (2)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="pointed">pointed</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="that">that</span>...必须指出…… (3)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="that">that</span>...一般认为…… (4)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="that">that</span>...大家都知道…… (5)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="must">must</span></p><p> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="admitted">admitted</span> <span word="that">that</span>...必须承认……</p><p> 四、4种特殊句式的考查 1．在句型“<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span>/<span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span>＋一段时间＋<span word="since">since</span>从句”中，<span word="since">since</span>从句中使用一般过去时。但要注意如果<span word="since">since</span>从句的谓语动词为延续性动词时，则表示从该动作结束时算起；如果<span word="since">since</span>从句的谓语动词为非延续性动词时，词义和句意相同。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span>/<span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="here">here</span>. 他不在这儿住已有三年了。(从居住结束算起) <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span>/<span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="joined">joined</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Party">Party</span>. 他入党已有三年了。 2．在句型“<span word="This">This</span>/<span word="It">It</span>/<span word="That">That</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span>(<span word="second">second</span>，<span word="etc">etc</span>.)<span word="time">time</span>＋<span word="that">that</span>从句”中，<span word="that">that</span>从句使用现在完成时。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="visited">visited</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="year">year</span>. 这是我今年第二次参观北京。 3．<span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span>从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；<span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span>从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 <span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="letter">letter</span> <span word="reaches">reaches</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span>. 你收到这封信时，我已离开这个国家了。 <span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="station">station</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="left">left</span>. 他到达车站时，火车已离开了。</p>
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